The educational path of first three years includes a series of biological subjects capable of obtaining a concrete framework of the techniques and methodologies applied to the morphological analysis of the various apparatuses of the human organism. In this sense, after a first part on the cytological environment (first part of the "Cytology and Microscopy"; module), this module (HISTOLOGY and MICROSCOPIC ANATOMY) addresses issues (and structures) concerning the different tissues of the organism to highlight its second level of organization. The course presents a part dedicated to the "classroom" histology laboratory (observation of many preparations and histological sections) in order to give the student the tools for the morphological observation of the preparations for optical microscopy (with less frequent observations of SEM and TEM images). These issues (and observation of the related preparations) act as a basis for approaching cellular, static and dynamic analysis that will be treated in the master's degree. The last part of microscopic anatomy, (as a third level of structural organization of the human organism) represents a simplified introduction to the next chapter of “Human Anatomy" introducing the next level of cellular organization as an organ level.

HISTOLOGY 1. Epithelial tissue: surface epithelium 1.1 Characteristics of epithelial cells 1.2 Classification of epithelia 2. Epithelial tissue: glandular epithelia: 2.1 Origin and differentiation of glands 2.2 Exocrine glands: secretion modality, classification criteria, classification, 2.3 Endocrine glands: structural and ultrastructural organization, classification. 3. Tissues of mesenchymal origin: organization 3.1 Extracellular matrix 3.2 Cellular component 4. general features of Connective tissues 4.1 Mesenchyma 4.2 Fibrillary connective tissue 4.3 Elastic connective tissue 4.4 Reticular connective tissue 4.5 Adipose tissue 5. Cartilage tissue 5.1 Hyaline cartilage and its varieties 5.2 Elastic cartilage 5.3 Fibrous cartilage 6. Bone tissue 6.1 Cell bone tissue: organization of spongy and compact bone tissue; direct and indirect ossification methods; remodeling. 6.2 Acellular bone tissue: dentin and cement. 7. Blood and lymph: 7.1 Blood: plasma, figurative elements, notes on hematopoiesis 7.2 Lymph 8. Muscle tissue: 8.1 Skeletal striated muscle tissue 8.2 Cardiac striated muscle tissue 8.3 Smooth muscle tissue

MICROSCOPIC ANATOMY: 1. Introduction to topography and function of: pituitary, pineal, thyroid and parathyroid glands, adrenal glands, gonads, endocrine pancreas 2. Nerve tissue 2.1 Neurons 2.2 Neuroglia 2.3 Nerve fibers 2.4 Synapses 2.5 Cortices

D1- KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING CAPACITY When the course is completed, in order to pass the exam, the students will have to demonstrate that they mastered the basic knowledge related to the analysis of histology and microscopic anatomy preparations for morphological analysis.

D2-ABILITY TO APPLY KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING The student will have to demonstrate the ability to know the different degrees of organization of the human organism both at the level of tissues and at the anatomical-microscopic organization (for the part relating to this classification)

D3-AUTONOMY OF JUDGMENT The student must acquire knowledge that allows him to recognize the strong ability of microscopic analysis, with some critical issues related to the sample preparation processes. In fact, the general / structural characteristics of several tissues are in specific preparations.

D4-COMMUNICATION SKILLS The student must have the ability to deal professionally and competently with possible interlocutors. The student must have the ability to transmit the knowledge acquired in a clear and understandable way and accessible to non-competent people ( in an integrated perspective: specific / technical and popular)

D5-LEARNING SKILLS The student must be able to examine and understand scientific texts in which histological and anatomical structures are treated (for the part in the course), therefore using them for the future profession (including research). Finally, the student must show the ability to use the concepts and knowledge acquired by demonstrating to reason according to the specific logic of the discipline.

The teaching material prepared by the lecturer in addition to recommended textbooks (such as for instance slides, lecture notes, exercises, bibliography) and communications from the lecturer specific to the course can be found inside the Moodle platform › blended.uniurb.it

All the teaching material used in the classroom will be present on the Moodle platform. Access requires the use of the mailbox provided by the University.

Possible preparation of Google Form or other material fnalizzato to innovative teaching. Hands-on exercises in the educational laboratory.

A series of multiple choice tests relating to the topics covered in the previous lessons may be provided as further support activities and will be intended for attending students, as also described in the "Assessment methods" session

Teaching

The course includes:

1) lectures
2) oral presentations
3) Exercises on histological atlases links and, in agreement with the students, microscopic observations exercises in the didactic laboratory

Innovative teaching methods

The classic lectures will be enriched with some widespread innovative practices: the teacher will propose PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING, and / or Flipped Lessons, depending on the most favorable satisfaction by the students.   These innovative teaching lessons should be organised by means of the University Moodle platform, giving the opportunity to participate also to non-attending students.

Attendance

There is no obligation to attend but it is strongly recommended for a correct and effective learning of the different arguments of the Course. Consultation of the slides provided by the teacher together with the consultation of the textbook. (Basic knowledge of English).

Course books

BIOLOGIA CELLULA E TESSUTI (Colombo-Olmo), Edi.Ermes, Milano

CITOLOGIA&ISTOLOGIA (di Luciana Dini, Nicla Romano ), Edizioni Idelson-Gnocchi

together with documents shared on  Blended Learnin

Assessment

The assessment of profit is aimed at verifying the level of knowledge of the topics covered in the course and the reasoning ability that highlights knowing how to connect structure and function in the different biological components of the organism.  The verification of the level of learning will be evaluated during the lectures using a series of multiple choice tests related to the topics covered in the previous lessons and intended for attending students.

The final exam consists of an oral test on the various topics covered (Histology) in the course to verify what is the level of knowledge achieved by the student regarding the previously indicated training objectives. The answers are judged on the basis of knowledge of the subject,
expository skills and language used as correct and appropriate scientific terminology, and serve to evaluate the student's reasoning and synthesis skills.Particular attention will be paid to students with Specific Learning Disorder.

The final grade will result from the average of the marks obtained in the two modules (Cytology and Microscopy and Histology and Microscopic Anatomy) for a total of 12 CFU.

Disabilità e DSA

Le studentesse e gli studenti che hanno registrato la certificazione di disabilità o la certificazione di DSA presso l'Ufficio Inclusione e diritto allo studio, possono chiedere di utilizzare le mappe concettuali (per parole chiave) durante la prova di esame.

A tal fine, è necessario inviare le mappe, due settimane prima dell’appello di esame, alla o al docente del corso, che ne verificherà la coerenza con le indicazioni delle linee guida di ateneo e potrà chiederne la modifica.

Teaching

The course includes:

1) possible additional online review lessons; 2) Exercises on links of Histological Atlases

Attendance

 Good knowledge of English. Consultation of the slides and in-depth material provided by the teacher together with the consultation of the textbook.

Course books

BIOLOGIA CELLULA E TESSUTI (Colombo-Olmo), Edi.Ermes, Milano

CITOLOGIA&ISTOLOGIA (di Luciana Dini, Nicla Romano ), Edizioni Idelson-Gnocchi

together with documents shared on  Blended Learnin

Assessment

The assessment of profit is aimed at verifying the level of knowledge of the topics covered in the course and the reasoning ability that highlights knowing how to connect structure and function in the different biological components of the organism.

The final exam consists of an oral test on the various topics covered (Histology) in the course to verify what is the level of knowledge achieved by the student regarding the previously indicated training objectives. The answers are judged on the basis of knowledge of the subject,
expository skills and language used as correct and appropriate scientific terminology, and serve to evaluate the student's reasoning and synthesis skills.Particular attention will be paid to students with Specific Learning Disorder.

The final grade will result from the average of the marks obtained in the two modules (Cytology and Microscopy and Histology and Microscopic Anatomy) for a total of 12 CFU.

Disabilità e DSA

Le studentesse e gli studenti che hanno registrato la certificazione di disabilità o la certificazione di DSA presso l'Ufficio Inclusione e diritto allo studio, possono chiedere di utilizzare le mappe concettuali (per parole chiave) durante la prova di esame.

A tal fine, è necessario inviare le mappe, due settimane prima dell’appello di esame, alla o al docente del corso, che ne verificherà la coerenza con le indicazioni delle linee guida di ateneo e potrà chiederne la modifica.