•    The course aims to convey to students the theoretical concepts and the theories necessary for understanding:
•    • basic legal and economic sectors, with particular reference to the operations of private business, both in individual and associate form;
•    • the national and Community rules and systems relating to economic and business activity, the legal discipline of the functioning of the markets and the rules governing the activity of economic, individual and collective actors;
•    • the aims, contexts and effects of the policies of law and economic policies, with particular reference to the activity of private business enterprises

1.1 Introduction
2.1 The entrepreneur. Corporate social responsibility. Social business.
2.2 The categories of entrepreneurs
A. Agricultural Entrepreneur and Business Entrepreneur
B. Small Entrepreneur. Family business
C. Collective business. Public enterprise
2.3 Acknoweledgment of the businessman's quality
A. The imputation of business activity
B. Start and end of the business
C. Legal capacity and business
2.4 The businessman's legal statute
A. Legal Advertising
B. Accounting records
C. Commercial Representation
2.5 The firm
2.6 Distinctive signs
A. Brands
B. Trademarks
C.  Signs
2.7 Copyrights and Industrial inventions
A. Copyright
B. Industrial inventions
C. Industrial models
2.8 Competition rules
A. Anti-monopoly legislation
B. Limitations of competition
C. Unfair competition
2.9 Consortia between entrepreneurs

3. Credit Certificates in General
3.1 The bill
3.2 The bank check
3.3 Circular Checks

4.1 The business crisis: bankruptcy and other bankruptcy proceedings
5.1. The companies
A. The notion of company
B. Types of companies
5.2 The simple company. The company in collective name
5.3 The limited partnership

5.4 Limited liability company

5.5 The cooperative society

As part of the pre-requisites for the different disciplinary sectors present in the degree course, it is not possible to pass the Commercial Law exam without previously passing the exam of Institutions of Private Law

The learning outcomes of the course are placed within the Dublin Descriptor of the master's degree in Law for the Year 2020, which precisely include:

ability to adopt the appropriate contractual solutions as well as the necessary tools to deal with legal problems in the field of commercial law, from a practical point of view, also in light of the most recent jurisprudential rulings thanks to a correct application of the current regulations with specific regard to the aspects  more controversial issues of the matter.

- ability to qualify the concrete legal issues that they will be able to address, and will apply the knowledge acquired, having developed ability to abstract from the legal rules for their use in relation to the practical case.

These attitudes are achieved through the development of a processing capacity of legal texts and documents in judicial and extrajudicial contexts, sometimes enhancing an interdisciplinary approach if necessary.
 These attitudes are assessed by presenting papers, exercises on case law cases and other training experiences organized within the course of study.

Therefore, the specific learning outcomes of the Business Law course I module are as follows

Knowledge and understanding:

At the end of the course, students must have acquired the knowledge and understanding of the national legal rules governing the conduct of business, both with regard to the individual and corporate undertaking, and the legal functioning of the markets, also with reference to the impacts on the policies of law and the economic policies of such regulations.

The acquisition of the aforementioned requirements will be verified through the following methods: intermediate tests and final exams of the individual courses;

Applied knowledge and understanding: students must be able to apply appropriately and flexibly the acquired knowledge in order to interpret and apply the rules on the conduct of the business activity of the national legal system , with appropriate references to EU and international law, together with the ability to understand the functioning of the markets and the behavior of the agents involved, and to make connection between the legal system of rules and the functioning of economic systems.

They will also have to acquire, including through databases, the ability to find and use the sources of law and jurisprudence, and the basic capacity to draft legal documents in negotiating, out-of-court and judicial contexts.

Acquisition of these requirements can take place through intermediate exercises and tests and final exams of the individual courses.

- Making judgments: Students must have the ability to link the knowledge acquired during the course into integrated and unitary schemes and to deal with complex problems independently and with their own judgment skills. In particular, such autonomy of judgment must be expressed through the acquisition of interpretative capacity, case analysis and qualification of the relationship between factualities and legal cases, so that they can be able to identify, represent and solve problems of protection of rights and resolution of inter-individual conflicts and collective ones, even to produce normative, negotiating and process texts that are clear, relevant and effective. The methods of teaching work with which these results will be achieved will be: frontal lessons with possible in-depth seminars.

- Communication skills: Students must acquire a clear and effective communication skills, thanks to a good mastery of the lexicon related to the topics dealt with during the course. In particular, they must acquire capacity to describe and deepen the legal issues in the relationship  both with professionals  as well as with potential customers or stakeholders. They will also have the ability to illustrate the logical and juridical pathways that lead to the solution of theoretical and application problems, as well as the ability to convince and expose the arguments, even in contradiction with other qualified subjects. The methods of teaching through which these results will be achieved will be: frontal lessons, with possible  seminars.

- Learning Skills: Students must have developed good learning skills, enabling them to deepen the knowledge gained during the course by addressing subsequent study paths and acquiring new knowledge and skills through professional and work experience. Particularly, with reference to the course of commercial law, they will have to acquire basic skills and tools for the constant updating of their competencies; ability to understand the complexity of the legal phenomenon; ability to follow the evolution of the right to life autonomously and to deepen it. The methods of teaching work with which these results will be achieved will be primarily in frontal lessons, with possible in-depth seminars.

The teaching material prepared by the lecturer in addition to recommended textbooks (such as for instance slides, lecture notes, exercises, bibliography) and communications from the lecturer specific to the course can be found inside the Moodle platform › blended.uniurb.it

As part of the Business Law course and as a complementary activity, a Laboratory on mediation and conciliation in civil and commercial law will be organized. The Laboratory will be aimed at the participation of enrolled students  in the Italian Mediation Competition which will be held at the Milan Chamber of Commerce, and during which teams of students from several Italian universities will challenge in a series of simulations of mediation meetings. The training will be predominantly practical and will take place under the guidance of professional mediators belonging to the mediation and conciliation bodies  and of legal professionals. Participation in the laboratory will be optional and membership will be voluntary. The teaching material prepared by the lecturer (such as for instance slides, lecture notes, exercises) and specific communications from the lecturer can be found, togheter with other supporting activities, inside the Moodle platform.

A Laboratory shall also be activated about the drafting of contracts and and about other negotiating documents and  corporate documents, always under the guidance of professionals in the legal and notary sector.

During the course, attending students will also have the opportunity to access self-assessment tests with partial exemptions that will take place in the form of tests and will be held respectively at the end of the first and second module lessons.

Teaching

The course is predominantly based on the teaching mode of frontal lessons. Each lesson will consist of two moments: in the first part of the lesson the teacher will explain the various institutes and their discipline in order to provide students with a theoretical knowledge of the subject. In the second part of the lesson, the lecturer could present and discuss together with the class a case law (judgment, decree, order) in order to stimulate students' ability to solve concrete cases and to develop their argumentative capacity in legal matters. The teaching material provided by the teacher will be published on the Moodle platform.

Innovative teaching methods

During the course, innovative teaching activities will be carried out on the occasion of dedicated workshops and seminars.

 In particular, the innovative teaching methods adopted will be those of problem based learning (learning through problem solving) and learning by doing (simulation of practical activities, etc.)

Attendance

Students attending at least two-thirds of the lessons will be considered attendants.

Course books

Teaching material and support activities:

The teaching material provided by the teacher can be found, together with other support activities, within the Moodle platform> blended.uniurb.it

Suggested texts:

For the part on the enterpreuner:

F. Vella G. Bosi, Diritto dell’impresa e dell’economia, 2 ed, 2017,  Il Mulino, Bologna, or latest edition.

For the Company Part:

F. Vella G. Bosi, Diritto ed economia delle società, Il Mulino, Bologna, 2020 or latest edition.

Both volumes can also be found on www.pandoracampus.it

For the part on credit certificates and insolvency procedures:

M. CIAN (edited by), Manuale di diritto commerciale, Giappichelli, Turin, 2021, (Section VII, p. 175 - 196, and Section VIII, p. 197-310).

The study of the manuals should be accompanied by the consultation of the civil code in an updated edition.

Assessment

Every student, attending or not,  should take the final exam only in form of an oral interview on the topics discussed in the abovementioned reference texts. The oral interview mode allows students to show, in addition to their communicative abilities, their acquisition of the analytical and critical skills required by  the complexity of the subject and the matters object of the course, of which he or she must demonstrate adequate knowledge and understanding.
By the interview, expected learning outcomes will be evaluated through three or more questions. The evaluation criteria and scores are determined according to the following scale:
• less than 18/30 - insufficient level: the candidate does not achieve any of the learning outcomes provided for in the "knowledge and understanding skills" point;
• 18-20 / 30 - sufficient level: the candidate achieves, in particular, the learning outcomes provided for in "Knowledge and understanding skills";
• 21-23 / 30 - Fully sufficient: the candidate achieves, in particular, the learning outcomes provided for in "knowledge and understanding skills" and "knowledge and understanding of applied skills";
• 24-26 / 30 - good level: the candidate achieves, in particular, the learning outcomes provided for in "knowledge and understanding skills"; "Applied understanding and understanding" and "autonomy of judgment";
• 27-29 / 30 - very good level: the candidate achieves, in particular, the learning outcomes provided for in "knowledge and understanding skills"; "Knowledge and understanding skills applied"; "Autonomy of judgment" and "communicative abilities";
• 30-30 and praise - excellent level: the candidate fully achieves the learning outcomes provided for in the "knowledge and understanding skills" points; "Knowledge and understanding skills applied"; "Autonomy of judgment"; "Communicative abilities" and "ability to learn".

In particular circumstances, the teacher may provide for the exam to take place in writing.  The modalities of the written exam will be as indicated below.  The written test will consist of 30 multiple choice questions (which must be solved in 30 minutes) and which concern the acquisition of the fundamental notions of each part of the program.

 The multiple choice questions will award a score of 1 point for each correct answer and zero points for each omitted or incorrect answer.  By answering the multiple choice questions, students will have to demonstrate their knowledge of the institutes and related discipline.

 During the course, attending students will also have the opportunity to access self-assessment tests with partial exemptions that will take place in the form of tests and will be held respectively at the end of the first and second module lessons.

 During the exam, the attending student will have to take, in order to ascertain the ability to resolve concrete legal issues, a further part of the test in oral form, consisting in the exposition of a jurisprudential case among those dealt with in class and freely chosen by the student among the material provided by the teacher.  In particular, the student must demonstrate that he is able to correctly identify and analyze the terms of the question and to argue adequately.  The relative answer will be assigned a maximum of three points (1 = sufficient, 2 = good, 3 = excellent) for argumentative and applicative skills, subject to the limit of an overall maximum score of 30/30.

Disability and Specific Learning Disorders (SLD)

Students who have registered their disability certification or SLD certification with the Inclusion and Right to Study Office can request to use conceptual maps (for keywords) during exams.

To this end, it is necessary to send the maps, two weeks before the exam date, to the course instructor, who will verify their compliance with the university guidelines and may request modifications.

Teaching

Individual study of the texts indicated and of the materials on the blended platform

Course books

Teaching material and support activities:

The teaching material provided by the teacher can be found, together with other support activities, within the Moodle platform> blended.uniurb.it

Suggested texts:

For the part on the enterpreuner

F. Vella G. Bosi, Diritto dell’impresa e dell’economia, 2 ed., Il Mulino, Bologna, 2017

For the Company Part:

F. Vella G. Bosi, Diritto ed economia delle società, Il Mulino, Bologna, 2020.

Both volumes can also be found on www.pandoracampus.it

For the part on credit certificates and insolvency procedures:

M. CIAN (edited by), Manuale di diritto commerciale, Giappichelli, Turin, 2021, (Section VII, p. 175 - 196, and Section VIII, p. 197-310).

The study of the manuals should be accompanied by the consultation of the civil code in an updated edition.

Assessment

Every student, attending or not, should take  the final exam only in form of an oral interview on the topics discussed in the abovementioned reference texts. The oral interview mode allows students to show, in addition to their communicative abilities, their acquisition of the analytical and critical skills required by  the complexity of the subject and the matters object of the course, of which he or she must demonstrate adequate knowledge and understanding.
By the interview, expected learning outcomes will be evaluated through three or more questions. The evaluation criteria and scores are determined according to the following scale:
• less than 18/30 - insufficient level: the candidate does not achieve any of the learning outcomes provided for in the "knowledge and understanding skills" point;
• 18-20 / 30 - sufficient level: the candidate achieves, in particular, the learning outcomes provided for in "Knowledge and understanding skills";
• 21-23 / 30 - Fully sufficient: the candidate achieves, in particular, the learning outcomes provided for in "knowledge and understanding skills" and "knowledge and understanding of applied skills";
• 24-26 / 30 - good level: the candidate achieves, in particular, the learning outcomes provided for in "knowledge and understanding skills"; "Applied understanding and understanding" and "autonomy of judgment";
• 27-29 / 30 - very good level: the candidate achieves, in particular, the learning outcomes provided for in "knowledge and understanding skills"; "Knowledge and understanding skills applied"; "Autonomy of judgment" and "communicative abilities";
• 30-30 and praise - excellent level: the candidate fully achieves the learning outcomes provided for in the "knowledge and understanding skills" points; "Knowledge and understanding skills applied"; "Autonomy of judgment"; "Communicative

abilities" and "ability to learn".

In particular circumstances, the teacher may provide that the exam will take place in writing.  The modalities of the written exam will be those indicated for attending students.

Disability and Specific Learning Disorders (SLD)

Students who have registered their disability certification or SLD certification with the Inclusion and Right to Study Office can request to use conceptual maps (for keywords) during exams.

To this end, it is necessary to send the maps, two weeks before the exam date, to the course instructor, who will verify their compliance with the university guidelines and may request modifications.

Students can ask to take the exam and study it on texts in English language