Upon completion of the coursework, the student acquires knowledge and skills related to basic organic chemistry.
Specifically, the student is able to: 1) represent and illustrate the electronic and structural features of organic molecules; 2) assign correctly IUPAC names to organic molecules; 3) sorting the organic molecules according to the functional groups; 4) know their typical reactivity; 5) know the main reactions focusing on the mechanistic details that allow the interconversion of functional groups; 6) identify appropriate strategies for solving problems in order to rework the main concepts covered.

1) STRUCTURE OF ORGANIC MOLECULES

Structure of organic molecules. Atomic orbitals, configuration of atoms, development of the theory of chemical bonds: ionic bonds, covalent bonds. Hybridization: the formation of sp3, sp2 and sp orbitals. Bond polarity, inductive effect, and electronegativity.

2) ORGANIC REACTIONS

Introduction of functional groups as a substrate for organic reactions. Classification of organic reactions: addition, elimination, substitution. Inductive and conjugative effect. resonance theory. Rules for writing resonance limit structures. Main reagents: acids and bases according to Bronsted-Lowry and Lewis; nucleophiles and electrophiles.

3) ALKANS AND CYCLOALCANES

Introduction to organic chemistry as carbon chemistry. Nomenclature Single, double and triple bonds. Structure of alkanes and cycloalkanes. Brute, condensed and skeletal structural formulas. Structural, configurational and conformational isomerism. Physical properties. Reactivity: halogenation and combustion.

4) STEREOCHEMISTRY

Chirality concept. Stereocenters. Cahn-Ingold-Prelog rules. R and S absolute configuration. Enantiomers. Molecules with more than two chiral centers: Diastereoisomers. optical rotation.

5) ALKYNES AND ALKYNES

Nomenclature. Cis and trans geometric isomerism. Nomenclature E, Z. Physical properties and acidity. Electrophilic addition (Markovnikov's rule). Main electrophilic addition reactions: addition of halogen acids, water, halogens. Hydrogenation reactions. Acidity of terminal alkynes, addition of water to alkynes and keto-enol tautomerism.

6) ALKYL HALOGENIDES

Nomenclature. Preparation. Main reactions: SN2 and SN1 reactions, E2 and E1 reactions. Formation of organometallic compounds.

7) ALCOHOL and ETHER

Nomenclature, physical properties, preparation, chemical properties: acidity and basicity, reactivity: reactions involving the substitution of the O-H bond with the O-electrophilic bond, reactions involving the breaking of the C-O bond. oxidation reactions. Epoxides

8) ALDEHYDES AND KETONES

Carbonyl group. Nomenclature. Methods of preparation. Physical properties. Nucleophilic addition reactions. Redox reactions.

9) CARBOXYLIC ACIDS AND DERIVATIVES

Nomenclature. Preparation. Physical properties. Acidity. Esters: nomenclature, preparation and properties. Saponification. Fatty acids.

Nomenclature of carboxylic acid derivatives. Physical properties. Addition-elimination mechanism (SNA). Reactivity of derivatives. Acid chlorides. Anhydrides. Amides. Foreign.

10) AROMATIC

Structure of benzene. Aromaticity (Huckel's rule). Nomenclature. Physical properties. Electrophilic aromatic substitution and types of reactions. Activating and deactivating. Orientation rules.

Bridging courses are not foreseen

D1- KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING

The student will have to demonstrate mastery of the basic knowledge of molecules, being able to predict and understand their reactivity based on their structure and therefore on their properties.

D2-ABILITY TO APPLY KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING

The student will have to show knowledge and understanding of organic reactions that allow to elaborate synthetic processes of relatively complex molecules.

D3-INDEPENDENCE OF JUDGMENTS

The student will have to show that he applies his knowledge, understanding and ability to solve problems related to the behavior of organic substances. The student will have to demonstrate the ability to appropriately connect the knowledge acquired during the course, even confronting himself in a new context, with his own judgment and reasoning autonomy going beyond mere mnemonic notions.

D4-COMMUNICATION SKILLS

The student must be able to communicate his/her conclusions clearly with an adequate and rigorous chemical language.

D5-LEARNING CAPACITY

Upon completion of this training activity, the student should demonstrate the learning ability that allows him to continue studying in a self-directed or autonomous way, developing knowledge useful for continuing his studies.

The teaching material prepared by the lecturer in addition to recommended textbooks (such as for instance slides, lecture notes, exercises, bibliography) and communications from the lecturer specific to the course can be found inside the Moodle platform › blended.uniurb.it

There will be 10 additional hours during which qualified personnel will carry out exercises as a supplementary activity to the course.

Teaching

The course includes:

- frontal lessons - participated individual/group lessons - participated lessons in which "retrosynthetic approaches" will be discussed.

Innovative teaching methods

The frontal teaching method will be enriched with individual and group exercises, tests and insight that students will carry out using the University Moodle platform.

Some topics of the course will be treated following the practice of the "flipped lesson".

Attendance

The acquisition of the basic notions of General Chemistry constitutes a prerequisite to better understand and study the topics covered.

Course books

- lesson slides
- reference textbook:

1) J. McMurry "CHIMICA ORGANICA un approccio biologico" ZANICHELLI Ed.
2) J. G. Smith "FONDAMENTI DI CHIMICA ORGANICA", McGRAW-HILL Ed.

- reference textbook for exercises:

1) M. V. D'Auria, O. Taglialatela Scafati, A. Zampella, "Guida ragionata allo svolgimento di Esercizi di Chimica Organica", Loghìa 4a edizione

2) T. W. Graham Solomons, G. B. Fryhle, R. G. Johnson, "La chimica organica attraverso gli esercizi", Zanichelli Ed.

Assessment

Written test for admission to the oral test.

The written exam (duration 2 hours) consists in solving four exercises: 1) nomenclature; 2) verification of basic concepts; 3) multistage synthesis; 4) guided synthesis.

The admission to the oral exam is reserved for students who have achieved at least a score of 18/30. The oral interview focuses on all the topics covered during the course, takes place a few days after passing the written test and in any case within the same session.

Disability and Specific Learning Disorders (SLD)

Students who have registered their disability certification or SLD certification with the Inclusion and Right to Study Office can request to use conceptual maps (for keywords) during exams.

To this end, it is necessary to send the maps, two weeks before the exam date, to the course instructor, who will verify their compliance with the university guidelines and may request modifications.

Teaching

Students are invited to contact the teacher and consult the Moodle platform to acquire the teaching material.

Attendance

The acquisition of the basic notions of General Chemistry constitutes a prerequisite to better understand and study the topics covered.

Course books

To give students and non-attending students the opportunity to compensate for what is done during lessons with independent study, the following materials referring to the same contents of the program are indicated in order to promote full understanding.

- lesson slides

1) J. McMurry "CHIMICA ORGANICA un approccio biologico" ZANICHELLI Ed.
2) J. G. Smith "FONDAMENTI DI CHIMICA ORGANICA", McGRAW-HILL Ed.

- reference textbook for exercises:

1) M. V. D'Auria, O. Taglialatela Scafati, A. Zampella, "Guida ragionata allo svolgimento di Esercizi di Chimica Organica", Loghìa 4a edizione

2) T. W. Graham Solomons, G. B. Fryhle, R. G. Johnson, "La chimica organica attraverso gli esercizi", Zanichelli Ed.

Assessment

Written test for admission to the oral test.

The written exam (duration 2 hours) consists in solving four exercises: 1) nomenclature; 2) verification of basic concepts; 3) multistage synthesis; 4) guided synthesis.

The admission to the oral exam is reserved for students who have achieved at least a score of 18/30. The oral interview focuses on all the topics covered during the course, takes place a few days after passing the written test and in any case within the same session.

Disability and Specific Learning Disorders (SLD)

Students who have registered their disability certification or SLD certification with the Inclusion and Right to Study Office can request to use conceptual maps (for keywords) during exams.

To this end, it is necessary to send the maps, two weeks before the exam date, to the course instructor, who will verify their compliance with the university guidelines and may request modifications.

The frequency at lectures and exercises is strongly recommended