The course aims to provide, through paleographic, codicological, historical knowledge, the means of identification, dating, possible localization, reading of the most important book writings from the 1st century AD to printing.

Study of writing linked to the knowledge of materials, tools, techniques and methods of execution. Survey on the birth of the different graphic forms, on their development and decay, on the degree of acceptance by the public, with particular attention to the writings of Rome. The development of writing from the early Middle Ages to the introduction of printing will also be analyzed in detail. We will try to trace a historical profile of Latin writing from the fifth century AD to the sixth century AD, then from graphic particularism ('national' scripts) to the reconstitution of the unity of writing (humanistic Caroline Gothic), up to the introduction of printing.

knowledge and understanding: Students must acquire awareness of the correct chronological development of the various scripts and their sequence, they must be able to recognize the various scripts, date them, locate them and decipher them; they will also have to know all the problems related to the form of the book, the materials used, the writing tools, important elements for the transmission of texts from Antiquity to Humanism.
applied knowledge and understanding: The student must use paleographic and methodological knowledge to easily recognize the different types of writing and be able to read them. You must also have the ability to frame the elements that characterize each type of writing in order to describe, date and locate correctly.
autonomy of judgment: The student must acquire the ability to infer the characteristics of the various writings, so that he can describe any type of writing independently. The skills acquired will certainly prove useful in view of a critical editorial use of any ancient text.
communication skills: The student will have to orient himself between the various typologies of writing from the VI B.C. until printing. The tools acquired by the student at the end of the didactic path must allow him to face the decoding and analysis of the various scripts with the necessary technical skills.
ability to learn: The student must be able to analyze a writing by extrapolating the parts useful for dating and localization. You will have to know how to use the working tools (repertoires) and support tools (for example the abbreviation dictionary). You must be able to propose questions and critical discussion topics related to the topics of the course, in such a way as to trace a personal development of learning.

The teaching material prepared by the lecturer in addition to recommended textbooks (such as for instance slides, lecture notes, exercises, bibliography) and communications from the lecturer specific to the course can be found inside the Moodle platform › blended.uniurb.it

During the lessons there will be reading exercises of the single scriptures by Dr. Pentericci.

Teaching

Frontal lessons and exercises.

Attendance

 It is strongly recommended the frequency of the course for an easier and correct learning of the analyzed writings, work far more complex and demanding for a student not attending.

Course books

One of these 2 manuals:  1) G. Cencetti, Paleografia latina, ediz. a cura di P. Supino Martini, Roma, Guide Jouvence 1, 1978; 2) G. Battelli, Lezioni di paleografia latina, Città del Vaticano, Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 2002.

One of these 2 manuals: 1) F. M. Bertolo- P. Cherubini -G. Inglese - L. Miglio, Breve storia della scrittura e del libro, Roma, Carocci Editore, 2004; 2) P. Cherubini, La scrittura latina: storia, forme, usi, Roma, Carocci Editore, 2019.

The following articles:
G. Petronio Nicolaj, Osservazioni sul canone della capitale libraria romana fra I e III secolo, in Miscellanea in onore di Giorgio Cencetti, pp. 3-28.
A. Pratesi, Nuove divagazioni per uno studio della scrittuta capitale in 'Frustula palaeographica', Firenze, Olschki 1992, pp. 191-219.
A. Petrucci, Scrittura e libro nell'Italia altomedievale, «Studi Medievali» 10, 1970, pp. 157-213, e «Studi Medievali» 14,2 1973, pp. 961-1002.

We also recommend reading:
G. Cavallo, Scrivere e leggere nella città antica, Roma, Carocci, 2019
M. Maniaci, Breve storia del libro manoscritto, Roma, Carocci, 2019

Conultation of the Open Source, edited by A. Cartelli e M. Palma, materiali a supporto dello studio della Paleografia Latina, available at the site http://www.tramedivita.it/matedida/index.html, fonito di tavole e trascrizioni.

Assessment

Oral exam

The examination consists of general questions on the history of writings and on the fundamental historical periods that have determined their changes, according to the modalities illustrated in the study texts. This will be followed by the examination of some facsimiles of writings, which will be identified, located, dated and deciphered along the lines of the analyses available in the manuals.

An evaluation will be given

- from excellent to very good (30 and praise-27) on the basis of the student's possession of excellent/very good critical and in-depth study skills; of the ability to connect the themes dealt with in the course; of the use of an appropriate language with respect to the specificity of the discipline

- good to fair (26-23) on the basis of the student's possession of a mnemonic knowledge of the contents; a relative critical ability and ability to link the topics covered: the use of appropriate language

- sufficient (22-18) on the basis of the achievement of a minimal knowledge of the topics covered, in the presence of some formative gaps and the use of inappropriate language

- negative on the basis of difficulty in orienting the student with respect to the topics addressed in the examination texts, educational gaps, the use of inappropriate language.

Translated with www.DeepL.com/Translator (free version)

Disability and Specific Learning Disorders (SLD)

Students who have registered their disability certification or SLD certification with the Inclusion and Right to Study Office can request to use conceptual maps (for keywords) during exams.

To this end, it is necessary to send the maps, two weeks before the exam date, to the course instructor, who will verify their compliance with the university guidelines and may request modifications.

Teaching

It is absolutely recommended for non-attending students to have a direct meeting with the teacher to clarify the preparation methods and the type of work necessary to achieve the required objectives.

Attendance

If there is an objective impossibility to attend the course in any way, contact the teacher in time to prevent and solve problems during preparation.

Course books

One of these 2 manuals:  1) G. Cencetti, Paleografia latina, ediz. a cura di P. Supino Martini, Roma, Guide Jouvence 1, 1978; 2) G. Battelli, Lezioni di paleografia latina, Città del Vaticano, Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 2002.

One of these 2 manuals: 1) F. M. Bertolo- P. Cherubini -G. Inglese - L. Miglio, Breve storia della scrittura e del libro, Roma, Carocci Editore, 2004; 2) P. Cherubini, La scrittura latina: storia, forme, usi, Roma, Carocci Editore, 2019.

The following articles:
G. Petronio Nicolaj, Osservazioni sul canone della capitale libraria romana fra I e III secolo, in Miscellanea in onore di Giorgio Cencetti, pp. 3-28.
A. Pratesi, Nuove divagazioni per uno studio della scrittuta capitale in 'Frustula palaeographica', Firenze, Olschki 1992, pp. 191-219.
A. Petrucci, Scrittura e libro nell'Italia altomedievale, «Studi Medievali» 10, 1970, pp. 157-213, e «Studi Medievali» 14,2 1973, pp. 961-1002.

We also recommend reading:
G. Cavallo, Scrivere e leggere nella città antica, Roma, Carocci, 2019
M. Maniaci, Breve storia del libro manoscritto, Roma, Carocci, 2019

F. Steffens, Latin Palaeographie, available online, an important repertoire of facsimiles, many of which are the subject of a lecture exam.

Open Source, edited by A. Cartelli e M. Palma, materiali a supporto dello studio della Paleografia Latina, available at the site http://www.tramedivita.it/matedida/index.html

Assessment

Oral exam

The examination consists of general questions on the history of writings and on the fundamental historical periods that have determined their changes, according to the modalities illustrated in the study texts. This will be followed by the examination of some facsimiles of writings, which will be identified, located, dated and deciphered along the lines of the analyses available in the manuals.

An evaluation will be given

- from excellent to very good (30 and praise-27) on the basis of the student's possession of excellent/very good critical and in-depth study skills; of the ability to connect the themes dealt with in the course; of the use of an appropriate language with respect to the specificity of the discipline

- good to fair (26-23) on the basis of the student's possession of a mnemonic knowledge of the contents; a relative critical ability and ability to link the topics covered: the use of appropriate language

- sufficient (22-18) on the basis of the achievement of a minimal knowledge of the topics covered, in the presence of some formative gaps and the use of inappropriate language

- negative on the basis of difficulty in orienting the student with respect to the topics addressed in the examination texts, educational gaps, the use of inappropriate language.

Translated with www.DeepL.com/Translator (free version)

Disability and Specific Learning Disorders (SLD)

Students who have registered their disability certification or SLD certification with the Inclusion and Right to Study Office can request to use conceptual maps (for keywords) during exams.

To this end, it is necessary to send the maps, two weeks before the exam date, to the course instructor, who will verify their compliance with the university guidelines and may request modifications.

Knowledge of Latin and Roman and medieval history would certainly be useful.