The objective of this course is to allow a correct choice of statistical tools both in descriptive statistics and in inferential one.

Mathematics

Logic

1.1 Elements of logic

Combinatorics 

2.1 Fundamental principle of combinatorics

2.2 Dispositions, permutations and combinations without repetitions 

2.3 Dispositions, permutations and combinations with repetitions

3. Probability

3.1 Definitions of probability (classical, frequency, subjective, axiomatic probability)

3.2 Addition and multiplication rules for probability

3.3 Conditional probability; Bayes' theorem

1. Descriptive Statistics

1.1 Population, sample, sampling

1.2 Variables and their classification

1.3 Means (arithmetic mean, median, mode)

1.4 Indexes of variability (range, variance, standard deviation, coefficient of variation)

1.5 Correlation and regressions

2. Inferential Statistics

2.1 General principles

2.2 Statistical distributions: Gaussian Normal, Standardized Gaussian Normal, Sample mean distribution, Student's t distribution

2.3 Significance Test: z-test, t-test

2.4 Confidence Intervals for means and proportions

3. Statistical topics in phase III Protocol

3.1 Protocols

3.2 Experimental design (between patients, within patients, factorial)

3.3 Randomization techniques

3.4 Sample size

3.5 Ad interim analyses

3.6 Critical analysis of clinical trials and experimental literature

None

D1 - Knowledge and understanding. The student will have to learn the fundamental principles of logic, probability and statistics. Above all, he will have to learn the typical techniques of these disciplines that allow them to be used for practical purposes. These skills will be assessed through the written test.

D2 - Ability to apply knowledge and understanding. The student should be able to use the principles learned to interpret the results of logical deductive reasoning and drug trials. These skills will be assessed through the written test.

D3 - Autonomy of judgment. The student must be able to focus attention on probabilistic and statistical models to be used to solve a specific real problem or to interpret a collection of experimental data, i.e. he will have to independently understand which statistical model to use to solve a problem. These skills will be tested through the written test.

D4 - Communication skills. The student must be able to describe the principles and concepts learned during the course expressing themselves clearly, with appropriate terms and with appropriate examples. This ability will be assessed during the written test.

D5 - Learning skills. The student must be able to construct his / her scientific growth path in a critical and autonomous way, being able to correctly use the study material provided by the teacher and the in-depth material that he himself can obtain. These skills, as far as possible, will be stimulated by the teacher by proposing insights; this ability will be assessed through the written test.

The teaching material prepared by the lecturer in addition to recommended textbooks (such as for instance slides, lecture notes, exercises, bibliography) and communications from the lecturer specific to the course can be found inside the Moodle platform › blended.uniurb.it

Seminars; guided exercises 

The teaching material and specific communications from the lecturer can be found, together with other supporting activities, inside the Moodle platform › blended.uniurb.it

Teaching

 Frontal lessons; guided exercises

Innovative teaching methods

Some topics of the course will be treated following the practice of "learning by doing" (scenario simulation).

Attendance

None; participation is strongly recommended

Course books

Rocchi MBL: Statistica e metodologia della ricerca per le discipline biomediche e psicocomportamentali, Edizioni Goliardiche, Trieste, 2007 (pag. 250)

Rocchi E., Peluso S., Introduzione alla logica proposizionale e primi elementi di logica predicativa, Ed. Goliardiche, Trieste, 2021 (pag. 84).
 

Assessment

The verification of learning, which aims to ascertain the acquisition of the knowledge and skills expected, takes place through the final exam only, which consists of a written test and an optional oral test.
The written test consists in solving 15 multiple-exit quizzes and 3 numerical exercises of the holed text type. The exercises will be written according to typologies similar to the exercises carried out in the classroom by the teacher. The evaluation of the written test is formulated through a mark expressed out of thirty. The duration of the written test is 40 minutes.
The optional oral test is reserved for students who have nevertheless obtained at least a sufficient result in the written test.
The final grade, which takes into account the results of the written and oral tests, is given out of thirty and reflects the overall evaluation of the candidate.

Disability and Specific Learning Disorders (SLD)

Students who have registered their disability certification or SLD certification with the Inclusion and Right to Study Office can request to use conceptual maps (for keywords) during exams.

To this end, it is necessary to send the maps, two weeks before the exam date, to the course instructor, who will verify their compliance with the university guidelines and may request modifications.

Teaching

As for attending students

Attendance

None

Course books

As for attending students

Assessment

As for attending students

Disability and Specific Learning Disorders (SLD)

Students who have registered their disability certification or SLD certification with the Inclusion and Right to Study Office can request to use conceptual maps (for keywords) during exams.

To this end, it is necessary to send the maps, two weeks before the exam date, to the course instructor, who will verify their compliance with the university guidelines and may request modifications.

The student can request to take the final exam in English with an alternative bibliography. (Course with optional materials in a foreign language)