The course is organized as a study of the main multicomponent reactions used in the organic synthesis of scaffolds of pharmacological and medicinal interest. The advantages related to the use of these approaches will be discussed in a vision of sustainable and low environmental impact chemistry.

Introduction to the course, Explanation of the Examination modalities, Definition of Ideal Synthesis, Linear synthesis, Multicomponent reactions,. Definitions, classifications, Basic characteristics of modern multicomponent reactions: Convergence, Parallel approaches, Sustainability, Waste prevention, Atom economy, Safe chemicals design, Benign solvents and auxiliaries, Energy efficiency, Renewable feedstocks, Catalysis, Inherently safe chemistry for accident prevention, Chemical Space (Theoretical spaces, Empirical spaces), Scaffold place, Complexity generation, Diversity generation.

Classical MCRs

Hystory: Laurent and Gerhardt Reaction; The Strecker synthesis: General Aspects, purpose and applications, mechanism, green variants. Applications: synthesis of Carfentanil, Reserpine,  Saxagliptin, Clopidogrel, Bucherer-Bergs reaction: General Aspects, purpose and applications, mechanism, green variants. Applications: Synthesis  of Phenytoin, Sorinil. The Gewald reaction: General Aspects, purpose and applications, mechanism. Synthesis of Olanzapine, Tinoridine. Applications: Synthesis  of 2,5-dihydro-thiophenes from 1,2-diaza-1,3-dienesThe Mannich reaction: General Aspects, purpose and applications, mechanism. Applications: Synthesis  of Tramadol, Atropine, Ezetimibe.  The Petasis reaction: General Aspects, purpose and applications, mechanism. Applications: Synthesis  of Zanamivir. Povarov reaction: General Aspects, purpose and applications, mechanism. Applications: Synthesis  of EMD534085. Doebner reaction: General Aspects, purpose and applications, mechanism. Applications: Synthesis  of Brequinar. The Hantzsch pyridine synthesis: General Aspects, purpose and applications, mechanism. Applications: Synthesis  of Felodipine. The Hantzsch pyrrole synthesis: General Aspects, purpose and applications, mechanism. Applications: Synthesis  of Atorvastatin.  The Asinger reaction: General Aspects, purpose and applications, mechanism. Applications: Synthesis  of D-Penicillamine. The Passerini reaction: General Aspects, purpose and applications, mechanism. Applications: Synthesis  of Propranolol, desacetoxytubulysin H, The 3CR Ugi Reactions: General Aspects, purpose and applications, mechanism. Applications: Synthesis  of Xylocaine.  The 4CR Ugi Reactions: General Aspects, purpose and applications, mechanism. Applications: Synthesis  of Carfentanil, Aplaviroc. The Ugi Tetrazole 4CR Synthesis: General Aspects, purpose and applications, mechanism. The van Leusen Imidazole Synthesis: General Aspects, purpose and applications, mechanism.  Applications: Synthesis  of SB220025. The Groebke-Blackburn-Bienaymè reaction: General Aspects, purpose and applications, mechanism. The Biginelli reaction: General Aspects, purpose and applications, mechanism. Examples of Combination of Multicomponent Reactions: Applications: Synthesis  of penicillin, Telaprevir, Tubugis.

The teaching material prepared by the lecturer in addition to recommended textbooks (such as for instance slides, lecture notes, exercises, bibliography) and communications from the lecturer specific to the course can be found inside the Moodle platform › blended.uniurb.it

Assessment

The candidate must produce a paper that summarizes the salient data described in a scientific publication concerning multicomponent reactions in the field of organic chemistry.

Disability and Specific Learning Disorders (SLD)

Students who have registered their disability certification or SLD certification with the Inclusion and Right to Study Office can request to use conceptual maps (for keywords) during exams.

To this end, it is necessary to send the maps, two weeks before the exam date, to the course instructor, who will verify their compliance with the university guidelines and may request modifications.

Assessment

The candidate must produce a paper that summarizes the salient data described in a scientific publication concerning multicomponent reactions in the field of organic chemistry.

Disability and Specific Learning Disorders (SLD)

Students who have registered their disability certification or SLD certification with the Inclusion and Right to Study Office can request to use conceptual maps (for keywords) during exams.

To this end, it is necessary to send the maps, two weeks before the exam date, to the course instructor, who will verify their compliance with the university guidelines and may request modifications.