ARCHITECTURAL AND URBAN COMPOSITION
COMPOSIZIONE ARCHITETTONICA E URBANA
| A.Y. | Credits |
|---|---|
| 2023/2024 | 8 |
| Lecturer | Office hours for students | |
|---|---|---|
| Valentina Radi | Daily by prior arrangement with email communication. |
| Teaching in foreign languages |
|---|
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Course with optional materials in a foreign language
English
This course is entirely taught in Italian. Study materials can be provided in the foreign language and the final exam can be taken in the foreign language. |
Assigned to the Degree Course
| Date | Time | Classroom / Location |
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Learning Objectives
KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING
The first approach to the discipline should enable an understanding of the context in which one lives, styles, the contemporaneity in which one is immersed both socially and technically, relating this knowledge to the specific architectural and urban. In particular, the course deals with architectural composition in the foundational aspects of the method, spatial, distributive, functional and relational aspects, including through compositional models, bringing students closer to the complexity of the project in the relationships between architecture and urban context.
1) The objective of teaching is to impart knowledge of the elements, styles, definitions, terms, theoretical, practical principles, including with examples to acquire and develop the sense and ability to measure architectural space, related to the reading of urban space and urban structure of city.
2) Knowledge and critical ability to select models of living. Reading and application of the fundamental stages of the design process, from conception to the finished form of architecture, integrated with the typological and urban context of reference.
3) Knowledge provided will enable recognition of architectural building types.
4) Knowledge and critical reading of the compositional structure of a defined urban area, elements and morphological typology, verifying the relationship between buildings, streets and accessibility.
5) Comprehension of the contents will allow the critical choice of architectural solutions and uses for building and urban regeneration interventions in relation to the typological and historical evolutionary characters of the urban or natural context of reference.
ABILITY TO APPLY KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING (SKILLS)
The acquired knowledge will be applied to perform the following design activities within the Teaching, preparatory to application in professional practice:
- reading of building types, residential and non-residential, compositional characteristics, dimensions, relationships.
- reading of a city urban fabric, built aggregate type, routes, blocks, noting their elements and structure.
- elaborate an in-depth architectural study of student residence, contextualized in urban-natural area of Urbino, with design principles, functional objectives, development of plans and formal characters, with particular attention to territorial insertion, environmental protection and enhancement.
Program
The course explores issues related to architectural design, and the relationship between design and the city, the relationship between architectural and urban scales. Specifically the contents:
1) Meaning of architectural and urban composition, meaning of architecture, through the definitions of ten relevant architects in history from Vitruvius to Peter Eisenman. The composition and understanding of the elements that make up styles, from Greek time to the Modern movement.
2) The stages of architectural design development, idea, space, form, and the relationship between form and meaning. The role of drawing in representing architectural design, scales of design depth, and setting preliminary, final and executive drawings.
3) Definitions and method of approaching contemporary living as an individual and family living place, according to explanatory cases also as a broader settlement system. Declined into Dedicated, Small, Refuge and Mediterranean living, culturally and energetically sustainable approaches.
4) Definitions and concept of model, type, building type, place and their relationships. Basic building, specialized building. The Residential Type. The Building Type of courtyard, terraced, in-line, block, gallery, hybrid. The Residential Type and the patterns of collective living in the 1970s. The city structure, urban fabric, aggregate type, the built-up area, routes, blocks, versi areas. Urban morphology, types and forms of urban morphological fabrics dominant characters, between ancient and contemporary; the city and type at the dawn of the city, in Mesopotamia and Egypt, the Greek polis and the Roman city, Middle Ages, Ideal cities, Renaissance and Baroque, Modern Movement. Each in-depth study will bring specific cases of cities such as Bologna, Urbino, Ferrara, etc. Relationship between form and city.
5) The Bourgeois City of Fourier and Owen, Haussmann Plan in Paris, The Ring in Vienna. Study of ideal cities from the Renaissance and 1800s, Plan Soria Y Mata the linear city, Ebenezer Howard's garden city, Tony Garnier's industrial city, Le Corbusier's Ville Radieuse, Brasilia, Leon Krier. Cities of Amsterdam, Lisbona, Berlin, Barcelona. Contemporary Chandigarh, Brasilia.
6) Architectural works by arch. Giancarlo De Carlo. The Athens Charter, architectural theories of Le Corbusier, Walter Gropius, Mies Van Der Rhoe. Definitions of Sustainability, Recycling, Resilience, Regeneration, Smart City, Participation and the Emotional City, architectural and city case studies.
7) Methods for micro-urban analysis of areas for reading today's fabrics as stratification processes are provided. Design tools and methods for micro-urban areas are provided. The founding principles of new architectural and urban design references in today's debate. The work of contemporary architects Aldo Rossi, James Stirling, Frank Ghery, Rem Koolhaas, Herzog & Meuron will be covered.
From an architectural composition point of view, the basic lines of the design method supported by selected references and in-depth historical references, of the twentieth century and the contemporary reality, including local with related examples and case studies, will be addressed. Complementarily, attention will be paid to the analysis of urban morphology and building types, with case studies highlighting the relationship between urban structure, form and characteristics of building systems. In the seminar activity, the principles of composition of forms and volumes, functional patterns and distributional characteristics of buildings will be developed. The principles of contemporary living will be addressed. Notions of living will be given with the support of the theories of the masters of modern architecture with examples expressing their peculiar architectural features. The concept of place, the relationship with memory and tradition. Morphological structure of the city with relevant examples. Building density and typology.
The training activity also includes an urban analysis, of a chosen building type, and the elaboration of the project of a small residence building for students starting from the design idea, identifying the relationships defined with the existing architecture, the city and the environment. This as an intellectual and practical exercise that will involve the knowledge that will be gradually transferred and autonomously implemented.
The design will be developed through report, drawings, graphic images in the appropriate dimensional scales. The design exercise is divided into three phases:
1) Identification of the potential and opportunities for transformation and construction of a framework of strategic objectives: through the reading of the territory and analysis of the current urban plan, aimed at assessing the impact of the new building intervention on the built up area being worked on, with reference to the future configuration of the area and the system of urban and human relations. This phase includes the "reading" of the affected context through inspection and field survey, and an initial definition of the strategic objectives, represented through graphic elaborations by the students (texts, diagrams, photos, sketches and diagrams, annotations, etc.).
2) An existing university residence building will be assigned to be analyzed, to understand the location of a unit with respect to the complete building organism, with respect to the system of internal pathways in the building organisms, relative accessibility, formal composition, spatial characteristics of a unit, organization of internal functions, dimensional characteristics. This will be represented with graphic and photographic images, words and what is appropriately agreed with the lecturer.
This will be followed by the development of a small architectural project of student residence, in the areas analyzed, exemplifying the scheme of "design idea," identification of the themes and objectives developed, first definition of project layout with inclusion of required uses (spatial organization, relations with the city and the environment). Represented with pictures, words and what is appropriately agreed with the teacher.
3) Deepening and design verification with the final definition of the "Project". At this stage, the final papers required for the examination are produced. This is an intellectual and practical exercise involving knowledge that will be gradually transferred and independently implemented.
At the end of each of the three phases, an "informal" exhibition of the work in progress is scheduled for a joint review of progress.
Bridging Courses
There are no propaedeutic cities. However, students are advised to take the course after attending and/or passing Rural Construction and Agroforestry, Environmental and Land Law.
Learning Achievements (Dublin Descriptors)
Knowledge and understanding skills. The student is expected to show knowledge of the topics related to the teaching undertaken, including in the context of its relationship to other disciplines.
Ability to apply knowledge and understanding. The student should be able to make proper use of the knowledge acquired by demonstrating the ability to acquire and process cognitive data of the architectural and urban sphere and their design.
Autonomy of judgment. The student must show possession of the ability to reason following the logic of the teaching. In particular, he/she should be able to perform a context analysis, attribute uses, structure thematic paths, and floor plans of a building, and produce analysis and design drawings at the required scales of representation.
Communication skills. The student should show that he/she is able to describe clearly, with scientific rigor and ownership of language the knowledge acquired.
Learning skills. The student will have to show the ability to develop an individual growth path by supplementing the lecture material provided with in-depth material also defined on the basis of solicitations from the lecturer.
Teaching Material
The teaching material prepared by the lecturer in addition to recommended textbooks (such as for instance slides, lecture notes, exercises, bibliography) and communications from the lecturer specific to the course can be found inside the Moodle platform › blended.uniurb.it
Supporting Activities
In addition to providing lectures, the course includes expert seminars and a tutorial. Details on supporting activities will be provided at the beginning of the course of study.
Teaching, Attendance, Course Books and Assessment
- Teaching
The architectural and urban composition course is divided into lectures and classroom activities. Weekly lectures will be given on the following topics.
Lecture topics: Architecture definitions, components and styles - The idea of design in the composition of an architecture - Form and its meaning in the composition of an architecture - Space and its meaning in the composition of an architecture - Architecture and design, stages of architectural design - Definition of dwelling, Dedicated contemporary dwelling - Contemporary dwelling as Refuge - Small contemporary dwelling - Mediterranean contemporary dwelling - The Type and Place. Terminology, definitions - Morphologies of cities. The thought of the masters - Italian cities. The City of Urbino and Giancarlo De Carlo Architecture - The Type court, terraced, in-line, block, gallery, hybrid - Le Corbusier. Walter Gropius. Mies Van Der Rhoe - The City and the Type the beginnings of the city, the city in Mesopotamia and Egypt - The City and the Type, the Greek polis and the Roman city - The City and the Type, Middle Ages - The City and the Type, the Ideal and Real City - The City and the Type, Renaissance and Baroque - The City and the Type, Modern Movement - Chandigarh, Brasilia - Sustainability, Recycling, Resilience, Regeneration, Smart City, Participation and the Emotional City.
In-person face-to-face lectures, expeditious field trips, in-person classroom exercises, elaboration and review activities with the lecturer, verifications at the different stages of work, creation of cartographic analysis and project drawings and illustrative report.
The formation of working groups consisting of several students is planned.
- Innovative teaching methods
In-person face-to-face lectures, expeditious field surveys, in-person classroom exercises, elaboration and review activities with the lecturer, verifications at the different stages of work, production of cartographic analysis and project drawings and illustrative report.
- Attendance
Course attendance is recommended. At least 2/3 of the lectures, laboratory activities and exercises. Creation of analysis and project graphics and illustrative report.
- Course books
Instructional materials and bibliographical directions on the topics covered in the course will be provided at the beginning of the semester and during the course of the lectures. The titles below, are a general framework to the discipline and study of them is recommended.
QUARONI L., Progettare un edificio. Otto lezioni di architettura, Edizioni Kappa, Bologna, 2001
RINALDI A., Progettazione architettonica 7+1 appunti per l’uso, Aracne Editrice, Roma, 2013
ZUMTHOR P. Pensare architettura, Mondadori Electa, Milano, 2003
PURINI F., Comporre l’architettura, Laterza, Bari, 2000
PURINI F., Una lezione sul disegno, Gangemi Editore, Roma, 1996
CANIGGIA G. e G.L. MAFFEI, Lettura dell’edilizia di base, Marsilio, Venezia, 1999
ZAFFAGNINI M., GAIANI A., NICOLA M., Morfologia urbana e tipologia edilizia, Pitagora Editrice, 1995
ZAFFAGNINI M. (a cura di), Architettura a misura d’uomo, Pitagora Editrice, Bologna, 1994
MARETTO M., Il progetto sostenibile. Morfologia, architettura, information technology, Franco angeli, 2020
DE CARLO G., MIONI A., DE MICHELIS M., BOERI S., Giancarlo De Carlo. Immagini e frammenti, Triennale di Milano, Electa, Milano, 1995
DE CARLO G., Il nuovo piano per Urbino, Urbanistica, INU, n°102, Rivista semestrale, gennaio-giugno, 1994
CHOAY F., La città. Utopie e realtà, Einaudi, Torino, 2000
BIRAGHI M. e SILVIA M., Storia dell’architettura italiana, 1985-2015, Einaudi, Torino, 2013
CACCITATORE F. (a cura di), Cornelis van de Ven. Lo spazio in architettura, Lettera ventidue, Siracusa, 2019
CALVINO I., Lezioni Americane: sei proposte per il prossimo millennio, Mondadori, Milano, 1993
CALVINO I., Città invisibili, Mondadori, Milano, 1972
CERRI P. E NICOLIN P. (a cura di), Le Cordusier. Verso una architettura, Longanesi, Milano, 1986
FRAMPTON K., Storia dell’architettura moderna, Zanichelli editore, Bologna, 1992
KANDINSKY W., Punto, linea, superficie, Aldelphi edizioni, Milano, 2014
KOCH W., Dizionario degli stili architettonici, Sugarco edizioni, Milano, 1985
LOOS A., Parole nel vuoto, Adelphi, Milano, 1972
MARTÌ ARÌS C., Le variazioni dell’identità. Il tipo in architettura, Città studi edizioni, Torino, 2006
OTTOLINI G., Forma e significato in architettura, Raffaello Cortina Editore, Milano, 2012
PONTI G., Amate l’architettura, Rizzoli, Milano, 2010
MONEO R., Inquietudine teorica e strategica progettuale nell'opera di otto architetti contemporanei, Electa, Milano, 2012
RINALDI A., RADI V., Abitare contemporaneo, Pacini Editore, Pisa, 2014
ROSSI A., L’architettura della città, Quodlibet, Macerata, 2011
TESSENOW H., Osservazioni elementari sul costruire, Franco Angeli, Milano, 1985
KOOLHAAS R., Delirus New York, Electa, Milano, 2001
- Assessment
The examination will consist of a check on the learning of what is explained in the lectures and the recommended readings, and an oral discussion of the projects developed by the students.
The evaluation of the papers will take into account not only their completeness, but also and especially the coherence of the content, from the interpretative analyses of the study area, the definition of strategic objectives and design ideas, to the articulation of design choices and their representation.
The continuity of the learning process and especially assiduity and active participation in the course activities will be a relevant element in the final evaluation.
- Disability and Specific Learning Disorders (SLD)
Students who have registered their disability certification or SLD certification with the Inclusion and Right to Study Office can request to use conceptual maps (for keywords) during exams.
To this end, it is necessary to send the maps, two weeks before the exam date, to the course instructor, who will verify their compliance with the university guidelines and may request modifications.
Additional Information for Non-Attending Students
- Teaching
The architectural and urban composition course is divided into lectures and classroom activities. Weekly lectures will be given on the following topics.
Lecture topics: Architecture definitions, components and styles - The idea of design in the composition of an architecture - Form and its meaning in the composition of an architecture - Space and its meaning in the composition of an architecture - Architecture and design, stages of architectural design - Definition of dwelling, Dedicated contemporary dwelling - Contemporary dwelling as Refuge - Small contemporary dwelling - Mediterranean contemporary dwelling - The Type and Place. Terminology, definitions - Morphologies of cities. The thought of the masters - Italian cities. The City of Urbino and Giancarlo De Carlo Architecture - The Type court, terraced, in-line, block, gallery, hybrid - Le Corbusier. Walter Gropius. Mies Van Der Rhoe - The City and the Type the beginnings of the city, the city in Mesopotamia and Egypt - The City and the Type, the Greek polis and the Roman city - The City and the Type, Middle Ages - The City and the Type, the Ideal and Real City - The City and the Type, Renaissance and Baroque - The City and the Type, Modern Movement - Chandigarh, Brasilia - Sustainability, Recycling, Resilience, Regeneration, Smart City, Participation and the Emotional City.
In-person face-to-face lectures, expeditious field trips, in-person classroom exercises, elaboration and review activities with the lecturer, verifications at the different stages of work, creation of cartographic analysis and project drawings and illustrative report.
The formation of working groups consisting of several students is planned.
- Attendance
Course attendance is recommended. At least 2/3 of the lectures, laboratory activities and exercises. Creation of analysis and project graphics and illustrative report.
- Course books
Instructional materials and bibliographical directions on the topics covered in the course will be provided at the beginning of the semester and during the course of the lectures. The titles below, are a general framework to the discipline and study of them is recommended.
QUARONI L., Progettare un edificio. Otto lezioni di architettura, Edizioni Kappa, Bologna, 2001
RINALDI A., Progettazione architettonica 7+1 appunti per l’uso, Aracne Editrice, Roma, 2013
ZUMTHOR P. Pensare architettura, Mondadori Electa, Milano, 2003
PURINI F., Comporre l’architettura, Laterza, Bari, 2000
PURINI F., Una lezione sul disegno, Gangemi Editore, Roma, 1996
CANIGGIA G. e G.L. MAFFEI, Lettura dell’edilizia di base, Marsilio, Venezia, 1999
ZAFFAGNINI M., GAIANI A., NICOLA M., Morfologia urbana e tipologia edilizia, Pitagora Editrice, 1995
ZAFFAGNINI M. (a cura di), Architettura a misura d’uomo, Pitagora Editrice, Bologna, 1994
MARETTO M., Il progetto sostenibile. Morfologia, architettura, information technology, Franco angeli, 2020
DE CARLO G., MIONI A., DE MICHELIS M., BOERI S., Giancarlo De Carlo. Immagini e frammenti, Triennale di Milano, Electa, Milano, 1995
DE CARLO G., Il nuovo piano per Urbino, Urbanistica, INU, n°102, Rivista semestrale, gennaio-giugno, 1994
CHOAY F., La città. Utopie e realtà, Einaudi, Torino, 2000
BIRAGHI M. e SILVIA M., Storia dell’architettura italiana, 1985-2015, Einaudi, Torino, 2013
CACCITATORE F. (a cura di), Cornelis van de Ven. Lo spazio in architettura, Lettera ventidue, Siracusa, 2019
CALVINO I., Lezioni Americane: sei proposte per il prossimo millennio, Mondadori, Milano, 1993
CALVINO I., Città invisibili, Mondadori, Milano, 1972
CERRI P. E NICOLIN P. (a cura di), Le Cordusier. Verso una architettura, Longanesi, Milano, 1986
FRAMPTON K., Storia dell’architettura moderna, Zanichelli editore, Bologna, 1992
KANDINSKY W., Punto, linea, superficie, Aldelphi edizioni, Milano, 2014
KOCH W., Dizionario degli stili architettonici, Sugarco edizioni, Milano, 1985
LOOS A., Parole nel vuoto, Adelphi, Milano, 1972
MARTÌ ARÌS C., Le variazioni dell’identità. Il tipo in architettura, Città studi edizioni, Torino, 2006
OTTOLINI G., Forma e significato in architettura, Raffaello Cortina Editore, Milano, 2012
PONTI G., Amate l’architettura, Rizzoli, Milano, 2010
MONEO R., Inquietudine teorica e strategica progettuale nell'opera di otto architetti contemporanei, Electa, Milano, 2012
RINALDI A., RADI V., Abitare contemporaneo, Pacini Editore, Pisa, 2014
ROSSI A., L’architettura della città, Quodlibet, Macerata, 2011
TESSENOW H., Osservazioni elementari sul costruire, Franco Angeli, Milano, 1985
KOOLHAAS R., Delirus New York, Electa, Milano, 2001
- Assessment
The examination will consist of a check on the learning of what is explained in the lectures and the recommended readings, and an oral discussion of the projects developed by the students.
The evaluation of the papers will take into account not only their completeness, but also and especially the coherence of the content, from the interpretative analyses of the study area, the definition of strategic objectives and design ideas, to the articulation of design choices and their representation.
The continuity of the learning process and especially assiduity and active participation in the course activities will be a relevant element in the final evaluation.
- Disability and Specific Learning Disorders (SLD)
Students who have registered their disability certification or SLD certification with the Inclusion and Right to Study Office can request to use conceptual maps (for keywords) during exams.
To this end, it is necessary to send the maps, two weeks before the exam date, to the course instructor, who will verify their compliance with the university guidelines and may request modifications.
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