Università degli Studi di Urbino Carlo Bo / Portale Web di Ateneo


PHARMACY AND MEDICINES LAW AND PHARMACOECONOMICS
NORMATIVA DEI MEDICINALI E FARMACOECONOMIA

A.Y. Credits
2024/2025 6
Lecturer Email Office hours for students
Giacomo Barberini At the end of lessons and on any other day, by agreement through email.
Teaching in foreign languages
Course with optional materials in a foreign language English
This course is entirely taught in Italian. Study materials can be provided in the foreign language and the final exam can be taken in the foreign language.

Assigned to the Degree Course

Pharmacy (LM-13)
Curriculum: PERCORSO COMUNE
Date Time Classroom / Location
Date Time Classroom / Location

Learning Objectives

This course is aimed at acquiring the regulatory aspects that govern the activity of manufactory, distribution and dispensing of the drug. Jointly, notions, regarding pharmacy regulation and the profession of the pharmacist, are provided. The course is also aimed at the knowledge of the main methods of analisys applied to decision-making process for the economic evaluation of drug and the characteristic of the pharmaceutical products market.

Program

MEDICINAL REGULATIONS

  • General and introductory aspects of medicinal regulations: introduction to the study of medicinal regulations, general concepts of law, healthcare law, and pharmaceutical law, national and supranational bodies related to medicines and health, the European Union.
  • pharmacopoeias: the International Pharmacopoeia, the European Pharmacopoeia, the Official Italian Pharmacopoeia, and other texts with significant technical content.
  • health and healthcare in Italy and the Union, the National Health Service (SSN): general aspects and the relationship with pharmacies.
  • The pharmacy and the pharmacist: technical-legal and professional aspects, organization of pharmaceutical services, administrative classification of pharmacies, hospital pharmacy, healthcare professions and the professional order of pharmacists, dispensing of medicines: technical-professional aspects, direct and third-party distribution;
  • regulatory sciences in the Union (regulatory affairs): generalities, active ingredients and their regulation, industrial medicines and galenic medicines, Authorization for Production (AP), Marketing Authorization or MA (centralized procedure, national procedure, mutual recognition and decentralized procedure), “special” procedures (conditional procedure, accelerated procedure and in exceptional circumstances, Adaptive pathway), special tools in the authorization process (Rolling review cycle and Prime), registration applications, the Common Technical Document (CTD), leaflets (SmPC and package insert), post-authorization changes to MA: variations, extensions, suspensions, revocations, and prohibition of sale of a medicine;
  • quality in pharmaceutical research and production: Good Laboratory Practices (GLP), Good Clinical Practices (GCP), Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP);
  • orphan drugs and their regulation;
  • unconventional use of medicines: Off-label use (Law 94/98), Law 648/96, “Compassionate use” (or drugs under trial), the 5% fund;
  • vaccines and sera: regulatory aspects and legislation on vaccination in pharmacies.
  • counterfeit medicines and drug traceability: counterfeiting and falsification of medicines (overview), the Falsified Medicines Directive (2011/62/EU) and Regulation (EU) 161/2016;
  • intellectual property in the pharmaceutical Industry: pharmaceutical patents, pharmaceutical trademarks, industrial secrets;
  • generic medicines, biological medicines, and biosimilars: general aspects, technical-scientific aspects, public dispensing, and potential issues for pharmacists;
  • oxygen and other therapeutic gases: General and practical aspects in pharmacies.
  • prescription and dispensing of medicines: medical prescription (who can prescribe, what can be prescribed, how it can be prescribed), S.O.P. and OTC medicines, non-publicly sellable medicines and the H-category, restricted notes, therapeutic plans, medical requests, common dispensing errors;
  • narcotic drugs: classification, possession, management, dispensing, destruction.
  • veterinary medicines: General aspects, regulatory aspects (European and Italian), non-prescribable or non-usable medicines, medicines usable only by veterinarians, veterinary prescription (Rev) and prescription of narcotic drugs;
  • substances to be stored in a locked cabinet ("Poisons") and their dispensing;
  • plant-based and homeopathic medicines: brief overview;
  • various aspects: Sale of substances as such, parallel trade, advertising, online commerce, intermediate distribution, pharmacy inspections;
  • PHARMACOECONOMICS

  • Introduction to pharmacoeconomics and general aspects of pharmacoeconomics;
  • Health Technology Assessment;
  • costs and outcomes;
  • cost analysis: cost-outcome analysis (cost minimization analysis, cost-of-illness analysis, cost-effectiveness analysis, cost-utility analysis);
  • economic aspects of new molecule synthesis and other aspects of the pharmaceutical industry;
  • the pharmaceutical market in Italy, Europe, and worldwide;
  • regional and national pharmaceutical policies;
  • economic aspects of medicine dispensing.
  • Bridging Courses

    Bridging courses are not required.

    Learning Achievements (Dublin Descriptors)

    D1 - KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING

    At the end of this training activity, the student must demonstrate that he is able to:

    1. know the general aspects of law;

    2. know the operating bases of the National Health Service and of other institutional, national and supranational bodies related to health and pharmaceuticals;

    3. know the general content of the Official Pharmacopoeia and other official texts

    4. know the Italian and European authorization process for the production and marketing of the drug;

    5. know the legislation relating to the preparation, management and dispensing of human and veterinary drugs in pharmacies;

    6. know the rules governing the "pharmacy system";

    7. know the economic aspects of drugs;

    8. know some aspects of pharmaceutical marketing.

    D2- ABILITY TO APPLY KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING

    At the end of this training activity, the student must demonstrate that he is able to:

    1. move correctly in the sector of pharmaceutical legislation, putting the various rules in the hierarchy of sources in an appropriate manner;

    2. understand the theoretical and practical importance of the various institutions related to the world of drugs;

    3. identify the path that each type of medicine may have done, from its conception to its marketing;

    4. know how to manage, in essential lines, the pharmacy, from a regulatory-professional point of view, with particular attention to the correct management of prescriptions of drugs for human use, veterinary drugs, narcotic drugs;

    5. understand the reasons for many economic choices inherent in the world of drugs and pharmacies.

    D3-AUTONOMY OF JUDGMENT

    At the end of the course, the student must be able to know the main aspects of the legal system, with particular attention to the regulatory system of the drug. The student must be able to know the main regulations affecting the pharmacy, in order to be able to correctly manage, albeit in essential lines, the professional sphere. The student will also have to demonstrate knowledge and evaluation of the economic aspect of the drug market, through the main types of pharmacoeconomic analysis.

    D-4 COMMUNICATION SKILLS

    The student, at the end of course, must be able to descript the notions imparted and to espress with appropriate terminology.

    D-5 LEARNING ABILITY

    At the term of training activity, the student must be able to find, to evaluate and place correctly the new regulations or notions.

    Teaching Material

    The teaching material prepared by the lecturer in addition to recommended textbooks (such as for instance slides, lecture notes, exercises, bibliography) and communications from the lecturer specific to the course can be found inside the Moodle platform › blended.uniurb.it

    Supporting Activities

    The lessons may be support by professionals of law or professional sector.


    Teaching, Attendance, Course Books and Assessment

    Teaching

    Frontal teaching.

    Attendance

    Nobody.

    Course books

    Main study text:

    Casettari-Barberini: Legislazione farmaceutica nella pratica professionale. Piccin ed., 2021;

    Supplementary texts, for some aspects:

    Frongia-Casettari: Il galenista ed il laboratorio. Edra ed., 2019;

    Fabrizio Gianfrate: Farmacoeconomia-La valutazione economica dei farmaci. Edra, 2015.

    Reference books:

    Paola Minghetti: Legislazione farmaceutica. Cea, 2018;

    Nicoletta Lo Liscio: La farmacia. Un campo minato. Il manuale del farmacista, Soc. ed. Esculapio, 2020.

    Giuseppe F. Ferrari, Fausto Massimino: Diritto del farmaco. Cacucci ed., 2015;

    Tony Ellery, Neal Hansen: Pharmaceutical Lifecycle ManagementMaking the Most of Each and Every Brand. John Wiley & Sons, 2012.

    Assessment

    The assessment of knowledge includes an oral exam of mean duration of half an hour. The legislative knowledge concerning the industry, the drug as well as the activity of the pharmaceutical service at the community pharmacy will be investigated. The exam includes some pharmacoeconomics questions.

    Disability and Specific Learning Disorders (SLD)

    Students who have registered their disability certification or SLD certification with the Inclusion and Right to Study Office can request to use conceptual maps (for keywords) during exams.

    To this end, it is necessary to send the maps, two weeks before the exam date, to the course instructor, who will verify their compliance with the university guidelines and may request modifications.

    Additional Information for Non-Attending Students

    Attendance

    Nodody.

    Course books

    As for attending students,

    Assessment

    As for attending students.

    Disability and Specific Learning Disorders (SLD)

    Students who have registered their disability certification or SLD certification with the Inclusion and Right to Study Office can request to use conceptual maps (for keywords) during exams.

    To this end, it is necessary to send the maps, two weeks before the exam date, to the course instructor, who will verify their compliance with the university guidelines and may request modifications.

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