The aim of the course is to provide to the students the knowledge of the functional groups of the organic molecules, studying their properties, formation and reactivity, through the study of the main mechanisms. By acquiring this knowledge, the student will be able to understand the correlation between the physical properties and chemical behavior of various substances and their structure.

STRUCTURE OF ORGANIC MOLECULES

Atomic orbitals; electronic configuration of atoms; the chemical bond. Hybridization: sp3 sp2 and sp orbitals: single, double and triple bonds. Electronegativity and polarity. The resonance. Acids and bases. Intermolecular bonds.

ALKANES AND CYCLOALKANES

Introduction to organic chemistry as carbon chemistry. Tetravalent carbon and use of molecular models. Nomenclature Simple, double and triple bonds. Structure of alkanes and cycloalkanes. Structural, brute, condensed and skeletal formulas. Structural and configurational isomerism. Physical properties. Reactivity: halogenation and combustion.

ORGANIC REACTIONS

Introduction of functional groups as substrates for organic reactions. Classification of organic reactions: addition, elimination, substitution. Main reagents: acids and bases according to Bronsted-Lowry and Lewis; nucleophiles and electrophiles. Inductive and conjugative effect. Resonance boundary structures.

ACIDS AND BASES

Acids and bases according to Arrhenius, according to Brønsted-Lowry and according to Lewis. Acid dissociation constants pKa and strength of acids and bases. Position of equilibrium in acid-base reactions. How to calculate the equilibrium constant in acid-base reactions. Thermochemistry and acid-base reaction mechanisms. Molecular structure and acidity.

STEREOISOMERY AND CHIRALITY

Stereoisomerism, chirality of molecules. Nomenclature of chiral centers. Non-cyclic molecules with two or more chiral centres. Cyclic molecules with two or more chiral centers. Properties of stereoisomers. Optical activity: how chirality is revealed in the laboratory. Meaning of chiralities in the biological world. Examples of chiral drugs. Amino acids. Separation of enantiomers: resolution.

Bridging courses are not foreseen

D1 - Knowledge and understanding skills. The student will need to know the general chemical structure of the main functional groups. He will have to know the organic compounds and know the main reactivity that characterizes the various functional groups. The level of this knowledge is evaluated with oral questions.

D2 - Ability to apply knowledge and understanding. The student must be able to understand how the physical and chemical characteristics of an organic compound are related to the chemical structure. These skills will be evaluated during the oral interview by suggesting practical problems to be solved that may affect the choice of an appropriate solvent depending on the material.

D3 - Autonomy of judgment. The student should be able to choose the type of product that best suits to solve a problem. These skills derive directly from the two previously described. This competence will be evaluated during the oral interview.

D4 - Communicative Skills. The student should be able to describe the concepts learned during the course, expressing it clearly, with appropriate terms, with clear and precise chemical formulas. During the oral interview the student will have to present some graphical concepts (diagrams, chemical formulas) through which the teacher will evaluate his synthesis skills.

D5 - Learning Ability. The student must be able to construct his or her scientific growth path in a critical and autonomous way, being able to properly use the material provided by the teacher and the in-depth material that he or she will be able to obtain. These skills will be stimulated by the teacher by suggesting further discussions to be discussed later in lesson. This ability will be evaluated through the oral interview.

The teaching material prepared by the lecturer in addition to recommended textbooks (such as for instance slides, lecture notes, exercises, bibliography) and communications from the lecturer specific to the course can be found inside the Moodle platform › blended.uniurb.it

No support activities are foreseen

Teaching

Lectures and exercises in which the teacher stimulates students to intervene by proposing examples related to their laboratory experience

Innovative teaching methods

The in-person teaching method will be enriched with individual and group exercises and insights, which students will carry out using the University's Moodle platform. Some topics of the course will be covered following the practice of Problem-based learning (learning by solving problems)

Attendance

Attendance at lessons is mandatory.

Knowledge of general chemistry is required.

Course books

- lesson slides
- reference textbook: BOTTA, CHIMICA ORGANICA ESSENZIALE, EDI-ERMES

Assessment

Oral exam in which the ability to interconnect the topics covered during the course is tested.

The oral test is judged with a mark out of thirty taking into account the 5 Dublin indicators (D1, D2, D3, D4, D5).

Disability and Specific Learning Disorders (SLD)

Students who have registered their disability certification or SLD certification with the Inclusion and Right to Study Office can request to use conceptual maps (for keywords) during exams.

To this end, it is necessary to send the maps, two weeks before the exam date, to the course instructor, who will verify their compliance with the university guidelines and may request modifications.

Course books

To give students and non-attending students the opportunity to compensate for what is done during lessons with independent study, the following materials referring to the same contents of the program are indicated in order to promote full understanding.

- lesson slides
- reference textbook: BOTTA, ESSENTIAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY, EDI-ERMES

Assessment

Oral exam in which the ability to interconnect the topics covered during the course is tested.

The oral test is judged with a mark out of thirty taking into account the 5 Dublin indicators (D1, D2, D3, D4, D5).

Disability and Specific Learning Disorders (SLD)

Students who have registered their disability certification or SLD certification with the Inclusion and Right to Study Office can request to use conceptual maps (for keywords) during exams.

To this end, it is necessary to send the maps, two weeks before the exam date, to the course instructor, who will verify their compliance with the university guidelines and may request modifications.