Considering that law is a product of history, the main objective of teaching is to make the student aware of the elements of historicity present in the legal phenomenon. To this end, the teaching introduces the student to the study of the sources of law (custom, legislation, doctrine and jurisprudence) in a diachronic path that starts from the final centuries of the Middle Ages and reaches the contemporary age (15th-20th centuries). The students are called to distinguish historical periods, to recognize the moments of fracture, to grasp the elements of continuity over time of concepts and institutions, to identify the link between legal history and political and social history. 

The methodology of the course, which combines traditional teaching (lectures) with innovative-experimental techniques (Debate, Flipped Learning and use of the Moodle-blended learning platform), is aimed at developing both the basic cognitive knowledge, both superior cognitive knowledge. In this way, through direct dialogue with the teacher and the work in class (Teaching Working Class), we want to stimulate the learning process through a more effective involvement of students and a better organization of the material, to facilitate the processes of knowledge during the course.

The program is divided into two parts.

The first part (36 hours), of an institutional nature, deals with the following topics, presented in chronological order

1. Introduction to the study of the history of modern and contemporary law

2. Reforms and revolutions in modern Europe (16th-18th centuries). The end of medieval universalism and the New World; the great monarchies; the modern school of natural law; the crisis of the "system" of ius communet; the legal enlightenment; the enlightened absolutism; the American Revolution; the French Revolution; new arrangements of the modern State.

3. The Age of the Codes (18th-19th centuries). The processes of codification of the law in the Ancient Regime; the French Civil Code of 1804; other Napoleonic codes; the Austrian General Civil Code of 1811 (ABGB); the reception of French codes in the Italian States in the Restoration (after 1814).

4. The constitutional systems in Europe (18th-19th centuries). The constitutions of revolutionary France (1791-1799); the age of the Restoration and the European constitutions (1814-1848); the constitution of the Kingdom of Sardinia of 1848 (the Statuto Albertino) and the beginnings of parliamentarism in Italy.

5.The liberal nineteenth century: a legal century (1814-1916). Legislation, culture and legal science in Italy and in Europe

6.The long transition of Italy from Unification to the Second post-war period. The constitutional monarchy, the codes, the political representation (1861-1921); The Fascist regime in terms of legal history (1922-1943); the Republican Constitution and the return to democracy.

The second part (6 hours), of a monographic nature, presents a short history of labor law development in Italy.

The topics covered are:

1. The protection of working women and the child worker from Unity to the Republic. 

2. Accident insurance in the history of Italy.  

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Knowledge and understanding

Passing the examinations of the historical-philosophical area allows the graduate and graduate in Law to acquire:

- knowledge and skills relating to the historical development of law, both as regards the origin of the fundamental institutes and as regards modern and contemporary developments in the systems of protection (with reference in particular to the post-unification Italian case)

- knowledge of legal systems with a view to their evolution over time - from the low-income age to the contemporary age - with reference to the main stages of European legal history

- knowledge of the social and economic realities and the cultural trends underlying the legal phenomenon

- knowledge of current issues in the historical-philosophical and historical-juridical debate of interdisciplinary relevance

These attitudes are developed through educational activities of teaching, tutoring, study of textbooks also of advanced level and of the materials provided by the teacher, usually available on platform blended learning, as well as through seminars and thematic conferences, especially with regard to issues of particular relevance in the historical-philosophical debate and interdisciplinary relevance.
The assessment of mastery of knowledge and competence shall be carried out by means of the final assessment tests and, where appropriate, by means of tests or intermediate verification tests.

Applying knowledge and understanding

The juridical formation enriched by the historical-philosophical component allows to translate the acquired knowledge in some essential skills for the jurist and the jurist, among which:

- the ability to interpret legal systems historically and to apply critical reading tools to the globalized and digitalised world view

- the ability to critically understand the historical and legal aspects of the current social dimension, with particular regard to the field of new information technologies

These attitudes are achieved through laboratory activities, group work, in-depth seminars.

These aptitudes are evaluated through the presentation of papers and other training experiences organized within the course of study.

The teaching material prepared by the lecturer in addition to recommended textbooks (such as for instance slides, lecture notes, exercises, bibliography) and communications from the lecturer specific to the course can be found inside the Moodle platform › blended.uniurb.it

Written and oral exercises, intermediate tests

The teacher will provide students with other teaching support materials in the form of slides, scientific essays, handouts through the Moodle platform ›blended.uniurb.it

Teaching

Didactics

The teaching is delivered in the second semester. The first part of the course (36 hours) is divided into lectures by the teacher (traditional methods) (30 hours) and innovative-experimental methods (Teaching Working Class) that involve the active participation of students, stimulating analysis and debate on the issues addressed (6 hours).

The second part of the course (6 hours) consists of oral exercises carried out by the students. The topics of the exercises are identified by the teacher who provides the materials (texts and essays of legal history) on which the student carries out his oral intervention in the classroom.It will also resort to hybrid seminar forms through the use of digital touchboards.

Specifically, the lessons will be held in the following ways:

traditional (frontal lessons), 30 hours
with debate, 6 hours
with flipped classroom, 6 hours

The reception of students, aimed at providing clarification and to carry out a possible review of the key topics of the program addressed in class, will be held in mixed mode on Thursday, from 14.00 to 16.00, by appointment by email.

For information you can contact the teacher at sandro.notari@uniurb.it

Innovative teaching methods

The methodology of the course combines traditional teaching (lectures) with innovative-experimental techniques (Debate, Flipped Learning and use of the Moodle-blended learning platform). These modalities are aimed at developing both basic cognitive knowledge and superior cognitive knowledge. In this way, through the direct confrontation with the teacher and the work in class (Teaching Working Class), we want to stimulate the learning process through a more effective involvement of students and a better organization of the material, to facilitate knowledge processes during the course.

Attendance

Classes are for first-year students. No content prerequisites are required. A basic knowledge of political and institutional history from the Middle Ages helps to learn the contents of the course, which runs over a period of 4 centuries (XVII-XX).

Attendance is not compulsory, but it is highly recommended

The student must attend 75% of the lessons in order to take the examination as an 'attending student'.

Course books

First part

- A book of the student's choice between

a) M. Caravale, Storia del diritto nell'Europa moderna e contemporanea, Roma-Bari, Laterza, 2012 (excluding pp. 1-142).

b)  G.S. Pene Vidari, Storia del diritto in età contemporanea. Con revisioni ed integrazioni di Caterina Bonzo, Paola Casana, Valerio Gigliotti, Torino, Giappichelli, 2023

Lecture notes and teaching materials provided by the teacher via Moodle-blended learning platform

Second part

- Lecture notes and slides provided by the teacher about the history of labor law development in Italy provided by the teacher via Moodle-blended learning platform

- Further study material will be reported in class by the teacher and made available to students (attending and non-attending) through the Moodle-blended learning platform.

Students who want to take the exam in English will have to study the following text: A. Padoa Schioppa, A History of Law in Europe. From the Early Middle Ages to the Twentieth Century, Cambridge University Press, 2017, §§  17-33, pp. 229--536.

Assessment

Oral exam, consisting of three or more questions that concern both the topics covered during the course, and the themes dealt with in the exam texts indicated.

The teacher will carry out, in itinere, preliminary tests of learning.

A written assessment/self-assessment test, reserved for attending students, consisting of a closed-question test (multiple choice) or indefinite, will take place at about half of the course.

The outcome of the mid-term examination is merely indicative for the overall assessment of the student’s preparation.

The assessment criteria and the relative scores in thirtieth are determined on the following scale:

less than 18/30 - insufficient level of competence: the candidate does not achieve any of the learning outcomes set out in "knowledge and understanding";
18-20 / 30 - sufficient level of competence: the candidate achieves the learning outcomes set out in "knowledge and understanding;
21-23 / 30 - fully sufficient level of competence: the candidate achieves the learning outcomes set out in the points "knowledge and understanding" and "applied knowledge and understanding";
24-26 / 30 - good level of competence. The candidate achieves the learning outcomes foreseen in the "knowledge and understanding" points; "applied knowledge and understanding skills" and "judgement autonomy";
27-29 / 30 - very good level of competence: the candidate achieves the learning outcomes provided for in the points "knowledge and understanding"; "knowledge and understanding applied"; "judgement autonomy" and "communication skills";;
30-30 cum laude - excellent level of competence: the candidate fully achieves the learning outcomes provided for in the points "knowledge and understanding"; "knowledge and understanding applied"; "judgment autonomy"; "communication skills" and "ability to learn".

Disability and Specific Learning Disorders (SLD)

Students who have registered their disability certification or SLD certification with the Inclusion and Right to Study Office can request to use conceptual maps (for keywords) during exams.

To this end, it is necessary to send the maps, two weeks before the exam date, to the course instructor, who will verify their compliance with the university guidelines and may request modifications.

Teaching

Non-attending students can also access the teaching materials prepared by the teacher in addition to the recommended texts (such as slides, handouts, exercises, bibliography) and the teacher's specific communications for teaching can be found within the Moodle platform blended.uniurb.it

Attendance

Classes are for first-year students. No content prerequisites are required. A basic knowledge of political and institutional history from the Middle Ages helps to learn the contents of the course, which runs over a period of 4 centuries (XVII-XX).

Course books

First part

- A book of the student's choice between

a) M. Caravale, Storia del diritto nell'Europa moderna e contemporanea, Roma-Bari, Laterza, 2012 (excluding pp. 1-142).

b)  G.S. Pene Vidari, Storia del diritto. Età contemporanea, Torino, Giappichelli, 2014

- Lecture notes and teaching materials provided by the teacher

Second part

Lecture notes and teaching materials provided by the teacher via Moodle-blended learning platform

Second part

- Slides provided by the teacher about the history of labor law development in Italy, provided by the teacher via Moodle-blended learning platform

- Further study material will be reported in class by the teacher and made available to students (attending and non-attending) through the Moodle-blended learning platform.

Students who want to take the exam in English will have to study the following text: A. Padoa Schioppa, A History of Law in Europe. From the Early Middle Ages to the Twentieth Century, Cambridge University Press, 2017, §§  17-33, pp. 229--536.

- in order to enable students and non-attending students to make up for their independent study during the course, the following materials relating to the contents of the programme are indicated in order to promote their full understanding: E. Dezza, Storia della codificazione civile. Il Code Civil (1804) e l'Allgemeines Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch (ABGB, 1812), seconda edizione, Torino, Giappichelli, 2000.

Assessment

Oral exam, consisting of three or more questions that concern both the topics covered during the course, and the themes dealt with in the exam texts indicated.

The assessment criteria and the relative scores in thirtieth are determined on the following scale:

less than 18/30 - insufficient level of competence: the candidate does not achieve any of the learning outcomes set out in "knowledge and understanding";
18-20 / 30 - sufficient level of competence: the candidate achieves the learning outcomes set out in "knowledge and understanding;
21-23 / 30 - fully sufficient level of competence: the candidate achieves the learning outcomes set out in the points "knowledge and understanding" and "applied knowledge and understanding";
24-26 / 30 - good level of competence. The candidate achieves the learning outcomes foreseen in the "knowledge and understanding" points; "applied knowledge and understanding skills" and "judgement autonomy";
27-29 / 30 - very good level of competence: the candidate achieves the learning outcomes provided for in the points "knowledge and understanding"; "knowledge and understanding applied"; "judgement autonomy" and "communication skills";;
30-30 cum laude - excellent level of competence: the candidate fully achieves the learning outcomes provided for in the points "knowledge and understanding"; "knowledge and understanding applied"; "judgment autonomy"; "communication skills" and "ability to learn".

Disability and Specific Learning Disorders (SLD)

Students who have registered their disability certification or SLD certification with the Inclusion and Right to Study Office can request to use conceptual maps (for keywords) during exams.

To this end, it is necessary to send the maps, two weeks before the exam date, to the course instructor, who will verify their compliance with the university guidelines and may request modifications.