This Spanish Language program is developed based on the C1 level of the Common European Framework of Reference, the objectives of which are:

• Understand broad speeches even when they are not clearly structured and when relationships are only implicit and not explicitly stated. Understand TV shows and movies without much effort.

• Understand long and complex texts of a literary or fact-based nature, appreciating distinctions of style. Understand specialized articles and long technical instructions even if they do not relate to your specialty.

• Express oneself fluently and spontaneously without having to look very obviously for the right expressions. Use language flexibly and effectively for social and professional purposes. Formulate ideas and opinions with precision and relate their interventions skillfully to those of other speakers.

• Present clear and detailed descriptions of specific topics that include other topics, developing specific ideas and ending with an appropriate conclusion.

• Be able to express oneself in clear and well-structured texts, stating points of view of a certain length. Write about complex topics in letters, essays or reports highlighting what you consider to be important aspects. Select the appropriate style for the readers to whom your writing is directed.

• Produce a clear, fluid and well-structured speech that demonstrates a controlled use of organizational structures, connectors, and cohesion mechanisms.

The communicative resources, grammatical resources, lexical resources, and textual products that will be subject to examination are those that have been studied during the course in the manuals and materials provided by the instructors.

It is important to emphasize that the grammatical topics from previous levels are essential for acquiring the elements of this level; therefore, their knowledge is a necessary prerequisite. For proper consolidation and review, if necessary, the student must complete the writing assignments given by the instructor.
CONTENT OF SPECIFIC LANGUAGES
Business content
1. Creation of a company
2. Organization of a company and its human resources.
3. The financial function of the company.
4. The commercial activity of the company: product, price, communication, and distribution.
5. Marketing and advertising.

Tourism content

6. Historical routes

The teaching material prepared by the language assistant in addition to recommended textbooks (such as for instance slides, lecture notes, exercises, bibliography) and communications from the language assistant specific to the course can be found inside the Moodle platform › blended.uniurb.it

Course books

**A. Classroom Books**

1. *Aula C1*. Editorial Difusión, 2023.

2. Complementary Dossier – Lin-Az Lectorship – Year III. – Available in Blended Learning and Moderna Universitaria Bookstore.

**B. Recommended Grammar Books**

a. *Gramática de uso del español. Teoría y práctica. C1/C2*. SM/ELE, 2010.

**C. Recommended Dictionaries**

- *Diccionario CLAVE*. SM/Hoepli
- *Diccionario Español Esencial*. Zanichelli/Vox.
- Real Academia Española, *Diccionario de la Lengua Española*  
  [http://lema.rae.es/drae/](http://lema.rae.es/drae/)

- Ediciones SM, *Diccionario Clave del Uso del Español*  
  [http://clave.smdiccionarios.com/app.php](http://clave.smdiccionarios.com/app.php)

- María Moliner, *Diccionario de Uso del Español*, Gredos, 2007.
- S. Carbonell, *Diccionario fraseológico completo, italiano-spagnolo/spagnolo-italiano*, 2 Vols., Milano, Hoepli, 1992.
- L. Tam, *Grande dizionario di spagnolo-italiano, italiano-spagnolo* (with CD-Rom), Milano, Hoepli.
- M. Seco, *Diccionario de dudas y dificultades de la lengua española*, Madrid, Espasa Calpe, 2003.
- A. M. Gallina, *Dizionario commerciale bilingue spagnolo-italiano*, Mursia, 1992 or more recent edition.