LAB. 3 - SECTION 3.4 RETOUCHING 2 - Lecturer: Petra Farioli - A.Y. 2025/2026

LAB. 3 - SECTION 3.4 RETOUCHING 2
LABORATORIO 3 - SEZIONE 3.4 RITOCCO 2

A.Y.	Academic discipline	Credits	Duration (hours)	Year	Period	Location
2025/2026	NN	5	125	3	Annual Course	URBINO

Lecturer	Email	Office hours for students
Petra Farioli	petra.farioli@uniurb.it

Assigned to the Degree Course

Conservation and Restauration of Cultural Heritage (LMR/02)

Curriculum: PFP2 - MANUFATTI DIPINTI SU SUPPORTO LIGNEO E TESSILE. MANUFATTI SCOLPITI IN LEGNO. ARREDI E STRUTTURE LIGNEE. MANUFATTI E MATERIALI SINTETICI LAVORATI ASSEMBLATI E/DIPINTI

Lectures Timetable

Date	Time	Period	Classroom / Location

Examinations Timetable

Date	Time	Session	Classroom / Location

Learning Objectives

EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES:

The theories and methods of pictorial integration, already explained in the module on aesthetic presentation techniques of paintings on canvas (module 3 of section 3.3), will be reviewed. These techniques will be addressed in the restoration of paintings on wood and the methodologies for the pictorial integration of gaps in three-dimensional wooden works will be illustrated. The materials used and the pictorial integration techniques with the dotted method and chromatic selection will be illustrated.

The techniques of pictorial integration of gaps in the gilding of gold backgrounds and gold leaf frames applied both with gouache and mission, silver leaf and metal leaves with mecca will be explained.

The materials used will be illustrated, the binders and varnish colors will be prepared. The techniques for using varnish colors through lowering the tone with glazing will be illustrated and applied.

Case studies will be presented for each topic.

The purposes and use of varnishes in the field of conservation will be explained. Natural and synthetic paints will be prepared, with different solvents and different percentages of resin, and application tests will be carried out on sample tablets to compare the surface film.

The aim of the course is to provide students with all the tools for a critical reading of the gaps present in the works and to be able to implement the best methodological choices; as well as having mastery of the various materials and laboratory equipment.

Program

Module I: Self-production of Retouching Colors (20 hours)

Theory: Presentation of the educational program 3.4. Traditional and innovative binders for retouching colors – recipes and new formulations. (4 hours)

Laboratory: Self-production of retouching colors using Gum Arabic, Aquazol®, Laropal A-81. (16 hours)

Module II: Painting Integration of Three-Dimensional Wooden Works (34 hours)

Theory: The integration of gaps in three-dimensional wooden works. Materials for painting integration and techniques of stippling and color selection. (3 hours)

The integration of gaps in gilding. (3 hours)

Paper and panels. The technique of painting integration using stippling and/or color selection will be applied in the restoration of wooden works or gilded frames present in the laboratory. (28 hours)

Module III: Painting Integration of Panel Paintings (53 hours)

Theory: The painting integration of abrasions, techniques, and materials. Materials: paint colors. Case studies. (6 hours)

During the previous section 3.3. Tests for inserting colors into panels, executed using the hatching technique. (8 hours)

(39 hours)

Module IV: Varnishing (20 hours)

Varnishing. History and theory of the main varnishes used in the restoration of works of art. (5 hours)

Varnishes with natural and synthetic resins. Preparation of panels with black tempera for the application and visual comparison of different synthetic varnishes prepared with varying percentages of resin, solubilized in different solvents, and with the addition of microcrystalline wax. (15 hours)

Bridging Courses

Knowledge of color theory and hatching covered in module 3.3.

Learning Achievements (Dublin Descriptors)

The purpose of the course is to provide students with all the tools for a critical reading of the gaps present in wooden and sculptural works, enabling them to make the best methodological choices, as well as to gain mastery of various materials and laboratory equipment. Understanding the different methods of painting integration for the gaps

Teaching Material

The teaching material prepared by the lecturer in addition to recommended textbooks (such as for instance slides, lecture notes, exercises, bibliography) and communications from the lecturer specific to the course can be found inside the Moodle platform › blended.uniurb.it

Supporting Activities

The guided tours by a teacher and assistant at the National Gallery of the Marche are scheduled.

Teaching, Attendance, Course Books and Assessment

Teaching: Frontal lessons and practical exercises; Production of tablets in the exam laboratory.

Attendance: In addition to the obligation to attend lectures and laboratory practice, the student must read and comment in class on the days of debate the articles provided by the teacher. In addition, the student must complete the hatching and color selection tablets for the in-person exam.

Course books

BIBLIOGRAFIA ESSENZIALE

H. Althöfer, La questione del ritocco nel restauro pittorico, (1974), Il Prato, Padova, 2002.

U. Baldini, Teoria del restauro e unità di metodologia, vol. I, Nardini, Firenze, 1978.

R. Bestetti, La verniciatura dei manufatti policromi: dalle vernici tradizionali alle resine a basso peso molecolare, Il Prato, Padova 2020.

C. Brandi, Teoria del restauro, Einaudi, Torino, 1977, pp. 29-47, 71-76.

L. Borgioli, P. Cremonesi, Le resine sintetiche usate nel trattamento di opera policrome, Il Prato, Padova 2005.

R. Calore, L. Frizza, M. Jaxa-Chamiec, L. Rizzonelli, N. Stevanato, F. Tisato, AQUAZOL 500. Una possibile alternativa ecocompatibile alla colla animale nella preparazione degli stucchi per il restauro dei dipinti. Test preliminari per la stabilità, lavorabilità e comportamenti, in Le fasi finali del restauro nelle opere policrome mobili, Atti del convegno, Trento, 9-20 novembre 2010, a cura di Cesmar7, Padova, Il prato, Padova, 2011, pp. 79-86.

G. Canocchi, M.C. Gigli, M.D. Mazzoni, P. Stiberc, La lacuna nella scultura lignea. Problemi di intervento in Lacuna. Riflessioni sulle esperienze dell’Opificio delle Pietre Dure, Edifir, Firenze, 2009, pp. 131-135.

O. Casazza, Il restauro pittorico nell’unità di metodologia, Nardini Editore, Firenze, 1981, pp. 5-84.

M. Ciatti, Appunti sulla storia del restauro pittorico in Italia, in Lacuna. Riflessioni sulle esperienze dell’Opificio delle Pietre Dure, Edifir, Firenze, 2009, pp. 15-31.

D. De Luca, I manufatti dipinti su supporto tessile. Vademecum per gli allievi restauratori, Il Prato, Padova 2020, pp.169-212.

C. Gaetani, La reintegrazione delle lacune attraverso la tecnica del tratteggio: considerazioni sul metodo, in M. Andaloro. (a cura di), La teoria del restauro nel Novecento da Riegl a Brandi, Atti del Convegno Internazionale di Studi 12-15 novembre 2003, Nardini, Firenze, 2006, pp. 277-284.

P. Mora, L. Mora, P. Philippot, La conservazione delle pitture murali, Compositori, Bologna, 1999.

S. Rinaldi, Il punteggiato di Pietro Palmaroli. Genesi tecnica e teoria cromatica, in “Studi di Storia dell'Arte”, n. 15, 2004, pp. 255-274.

C. Rossi Scarzanella, T. Cianfanelli, La percezione visiva nel restauro dei dipinti. L'intervento pittorico, in Problemi di restauro. Riflessioni e ricerche. I sessanta anni del laboratorio di restauro dei dipinti (1932-1992), Edifir, Firenze, 1999, pp. 185-211.

F. Tonini, La scultura lignea, tecniche e restauro. Manuale per allievi restauratori, Il prato, 2015.

C. Toso, C. Modesti, Il restauro dell’Angelo portacero della Collezione Alberti di Prato: un’occasione per ripensare l’integrazione di una superficie abrasa. Ideazione, studio e applicazione di colori a impasto formulati con Aquazol® 500, in “OPD Restauro”, n. 32, Centro Di, Firenze, 2020, pp. 201-215.

Assessment: Verification of laboratory activity and participation in lessons. Verification of the activity carried out in class and completion of the ‘exam tests’ tablets with hatching and color selection. Oral exam in presence, after delivery of the tablets, on the teaching program provided by the teacher in the handout.

Disability and Specific Learning Disorders (SLD)

Students who have registered their disability certification or SLD certification with the Inclusion and Right to Study Office can request to use conceptual maps (for keywords) during exams.

To this end, it is necessary to send the maps, two weeks before the exam date, to the course instructor, who will verify their compliance with the university guidelines and may request modifications.

Additional Information for Non-Attending Students

Teaching: Participation in face-to-face lessons remotely or study of the handouts.

Attendance: The non-attending student must read the articles provided by the teacher and the texts cited in the essential bibliography. In addition, the student must present photographs of the hatching and color selection tablets sent by email before the start of the online exam.