The course provides the fundamentals for the realization of geological maps, the construction of geologic cross-sections and compiling of reports and explanatory notes. The course is developed taking into account the main basic techniques of geological mapping and also provides the basic tools for reading and interpretation of geological maps. The acquired knowledge are essential elements of the cultural background of the graduate in Geological Sciences.

The course will address the following topics.

First semester
Introduction - Geological maps.
Basic elements of stratigraphy: Criteria for subdivision of the geologic column - Stratigraphic units - Unconformities -Geologic boundaries.
Geologic structures: Folds and faults and their representation and recognition in geological maps - Fault displacements - Kinematic indicators - Thrust faults - Folds associated with faults - Folding with cleavage - Tectonic styles - Syn-sedimentary tectonics.
Applications and practical exercises (classroom).

Second semester
Field measurements and techniques: Use of the compass - Orientation and measurement of planar surfaces and linear structures - Stereographic projections.
Geometry and reconstruction of geologic bodies: relationships between geologic planes and the topographic surface - Apparent and true thickness - Representation of geological surfaces by means of contour lines - Criteria for mapping of the different stratigraphic units and geologic mapping techniques - Graphic representation of field data - Elements of stratimetry - Criteria for reading and interpretation of geological maps - Geologic cross-sections - Relative age of stratigraphic and tectonic geologic events.
Recognition in the field of the units of the Umbria-Marche-Romagna Succession.
Applications and practical exercises (classroom and field), didactic excursions and end of course geological survey.

Preliminary teaching are not required. However we advise students to follow the teaching after passing exams of Paleontology and applied Paleoecology (or Systematic Paleontology and Paleoecology), Petrography, Geology I and Geology II and elaboration of geologic data.

- The student must demonstrate the acquisition of basic knowledge provided by the teaching, even in the context of its relations with other disciplines of the Earth Sciences.
- The student must show an understanding of the concepts that were illustrated, demonstrating the ability to collect and processing field geological data.
- The student must demonstrate its ability to reason, following the logic of the teaching. In particular he must be able to plan a geological mapping activity and to realize a geological map. Moreover he must have the ability to deduce useful information from geological maps of different scale.

The teaching material prepared by the lecturer in addition to recommended textbooks (such as for instance slides, lecture notes, exercises, bibliography) and communications from the lecturer specific to the course can be found inside the Moodle platform › blended.uniurb.it

Not planned

Teaching

Lectures, applications and practical exercises (field and classroom), didactic excursions and end of course geological survey with realization of a geological map and explanatory report.

Attendance

Frequency of at least 2/3 of applications and practical exercises including frequency of the end of course geological survey. Realization of the geological map and explanatory report resulting from the geological survey.

Course books

BOCCALETTI M. & TORTORICI L., 1987 - Appunti di Geologia strutturale. Patron Editore, Bologna.
BUTLER B.C.M. & BELL J.D., 1991 - Lettura e interpretazione delle carte geologiche. Zanichelli Ed., Bologna.
CREMONINI G., 1994 - Rilevamento geologico. Ed. Pitagora, Bologna.
LISLE R.J., 1988 - Geological structures and maps - A practical guide. Pergamon Press, Oxford.
MARSHAK S. & MITRA G., 1988 - Basic methods of Structural Geology. Prentice Hall.
MONTANARI L., 1985 - Approccio alla Geologia Stratigrafica. Libreria Dario Flaccovio Editrice.
VENTURINI C., 2012 - Realizzare e leggere carte e sezioni geologiche. Dario Flaccovio Ed.
Didactic material provided by the teacher.

Assessment

The student realize an original geological report of the area concerned by the geological survey carried out at the end of the course (including an original detailed geological map) and a geologic cross-section. Moreover oral examination concerning the works delivered by the student and the course program.
The tests used were chosen because they represent the best way to verify the preparation reached by the student.

Disability and Specific Learning Disorders (SLD)

Students who have registered their disability certification or SLD certification with the Inclusion and Right to Study Office can request to use conceptual maps (for keywords) during exams.

To this end, it is necessary to send the maps, two weeks before the exam date, to the course instructor, who will verify their compliance with the university guidelines and may request modifications.

The student can request to sit the final exam in English with an alternative bibliography.