The course offers the principal chemical concepts in a logical order, starting from atoms to molecules, and going on with solutions, acids and bases, redox reactions,with several links to everyday experience. It also offers basic information of organic chemistry aimed to comprehention of macromulecole structures and functions. Aim of the course il to give to studets fundamental notions of chemistry essential to deal with solid fundations the study of biological, anatomical, physiological and biochemical aspects of movement and of physical exercise adaptation.

Atom and periodic table Subatomic particles- the modern atomi theory - The orbital model and quantic numbers - Energy and filling of the orbitals- Electronic structure of elements (with exercises) - Atomic number and mass number- atomic mass and atomic weight - Ions - Isotops - Radioactivity - Periodic table - Periodic properties of elements.

From atoms to molecules The chemical bond - Energy of bond - The octect rule and its limitations - Covalent bond - Molecule structure and Lewis formulae - Hybrid orbitals - Ionic bond - Metallic bond - Electronegativity and bonds - Molecule geometry - Resonance - Intermolecular forces - Isomerism.

Compounds, chemical reactions and stechiometry  Chemical property periodicity - Hydrides and oxides - Oxidation state - What is a chemical equation - Stoichiometric coefficients and reaction balancing (with exercises) - Different types of chemical reactions - Redox reactions - Molecular weight - Mole concept - Stoichiometry (with exercises).

Energy and bioenergetic Energy concept and implications on living organisms -  Enthalphy, entropy and free energy of Gibbs - Chemical kinetics - Activation energy of reaction - Catalysis - Chemical equilibrium - Le Chatelier  principle - Metabolism

Solutions  Water properties - Solute and solvent - Properties of solutions - Calculation of the concentration of the solutions (with exercises) - The factors that influence the solubility - The osmotic pressure.

Acids, bases and salts The concept of acids and bases - The acid-base theories - The strength of acids and bases - acid-base reactions and salt formation.

PH and buffer solutions The dissociation of water - The concept of pH and pK - Introduction to the calculation of the pH - Titration curves - Buffer solutions - Physiological buffer systems.

The chemistry of carbon The carbon as a central element of life - The organic molecules and the functional groups: alkanes and cycloalkanes, alkenes and alkynes, aromatic hydrocarbons, alcohols, phenols, ethers, amines, aldehydes and ketones, carboxylic acids and their derivatives.

Carbohydrates General aspects and classification - The monosaccharides - Cyclization and anomeric structures- oligosaccharides and polysaccharides - The glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans.

Lipids General aspects and classification  - Fatty acids - Phosphoglycerides and sphingolipids - Terpenes and steroids - The fat-soluble vitamins - Prostaglandins.

Amino acids and proteins Amino acids - Structural levels of proteins - The peptide bond - Importance of biological proteins - Enzymes are proteins.

Nucleotides and nucleic acids Nucleotides - DNA and its structure - RNA.

Issues and objectives focused in the course presented in English:
from atom to cell

No special prerequisites required

At the end of the course students should have knowledge of chemistry and propadeutic to biochemistry to enable them to deal with the study of biological, anatomical, physiological and biochemical aspects of the movement.

The teaching material prepared by the lecturer in addition to recommended textbooks (such as for instance slides, lecture notes, exercises, bibliography) and communications from the lecturer specific to the course can be found inside the Moodle platform › blended.uniurb.it

Didactic material, links to support material and any communications will be available within the platform Moodle- blended.uniurb.it

Teaching

Traditional frontal lessons

Attendance

There are no frequency obligations

Course books

Stefani Taddei – Chimica, biochimica e biologia applicata – Zanichelli – current edition

Students can also use high school texts for study

Assessment

Written and oral tests

Disability and Specific Learning Disorders (SLD)

Students who have registered their disability certification or SLD certification with the Inclusion and Right to Study Office can request to use conceptual maps (for keywords) during exams.

To this end, it is necessary to send the maps, two weeks before the exam date, to the course instructor, who will verify their compliance with the university guidelines and may request modifications.

Teaching

It is suggested to contact the teacher. Texts and assesment are the same of non-attending students

Attendance

There are no frequency obligations

Course books

Stefani Taddei – Chimica, biochimica e biologia applicata – Zanichelli – current edition

Students can also use high school texts for study

Assessment

Written and oral tests

Disability and Specific Learning Disorders (SLD)

Students who have registered their disability certification or SLD certification with the Inclusion and Right to Study Office can request to use conceptual maps (for keywords) during exams.

To this end, it is necessary to send the maps, two weeks before the exam date, to the course instructor, who will verify their compliance with the university guidelines and may request modifications.