The course, intended to provide theoretical and practical knowledge on instrumental techniques used for the determination of the purity of a drug, for the qualitative detection and for the determination of the amount of the active ingredients in a more or less complex systems, for the determination of the stability of a drug and for checks aimed at the search and identification of metabolites.

Control of the quality of analytical methods.

Chemical and physical properties of drugs molecules: acidity and basicity, distribution coefficient, stability, stereochemistry and determination of rotary optical power.

Titrimetric and chemical analysis methods: completion compared to what is provided in Drug Analysis II.

UV/visible spectroscopy: instrumentation; qualitative analysis: correlation UV spectrum and chemical structure; effect of pH and solvent. Quantitative analysis: Lambert-Beer law, construction of calibration line.

Infrared Spectroscopy: instrumentation, sample preparation and pharmaceutical analysis applications. Near infrared spectroscopy.

Atomic Absorbtion Spectrophotometry and Atomic Emission Spectrophotometry: instrumentation and applications.

Molecular Emission Spectroscopy. Fluorescence Spectroscopy: instrumentation and applications.

Mass spectrometry. Key points. Ionization sources: EI, CI, FAB, ESI, APCI and MALDI. Analyzers: magnetic sector, single and triple quadrupole, time of flight and ion trap. Applications to pharmaceutical and biological sciences.

Chromatographic techniques. Instrumentation and applications: TLC, HPLC and GC. Detectors for HPLC: UV-Vis, UV/vis photodiode, fluorimetric, refractometric, electrochemical and polarimetric. GC detectors: FID, thermal conductivity, electron capture. Qualitative analysis and quantitative techniques in chromatography.

Capillary electrophoresis: key points, instrumentation and applications.

Extraction methods in pharmaceutical analysis.

Practical exercises focus on the analysis of herbal, food, nutraceutical and pharmaceutical preparations.

To take the exam, the student must attend the laboratory practice and acquire the signature frequency. He must also have passed the examinations of Organic chemistry I, Analysis of drugs I and the Analysis of drugs II.

Knowledge and understanding. The student should have acquired the  theoretical and practical knowledge on instrumental techniques used for the determination of the purity of a drug, for the qualitative detection and for the determination of the amount of the active ingredients in a more or less complex systems, for the determination of the stability of a drug and for checks aimed at the search and identification od metabolites. 

Applying knowledge and understanding. The student will be able to apply the knowledge acquired during the course, and then be able to conduct qualitative and quantitative instrumental analysis of substances of pharmaceutical interest in more or less complex systems obtaining valid results. The student must also be able to plan and implement an analytical method. 

Making judgements. The student must be able to interpret the experimental data and the results obtained. These skills will be verified through targeted oral application questions.

Communication skills. After completing the course the student will be able to present what he has learned using appropriate terminology for the purpose of scientific communication regarding methodologies and issues concerning the analysis of compounds of pharmaceutical interest. The student will be able to organize and present clear and complete reports.

Learning skills. The student will have developed the learn ability useful to continuously update his knowledge and will be able to use it in order to face new analytical issues.

The teaching material prepared by the lecturer in addition to recommended textbooks (such as for instance slides, lecture notes, exercises, bibliography) and communications from the lecturer specific to the course can be found inside the Moodle platform › blended.uniurb.it

There are no activities to support teaching.

The teaching material and specific communications from the lecturer can be found, together with other supporting activities, inside the Moodle platform › blended.uniurb.it

Teaching

Lectures (3 cfu) and laboratory (3 cfu) exercises for groups and individuals 

Attendance

The frequency of laboratory exercises is mandatory. To gain access to the laboratory is necessary to have passed the examination of Organic Chemistry I and attended Drugs analysis II 

Course books

D. G. Watson Pharmaceutical Analysis, 3rd Edition, Elsevier. 

Assessment

Upon approval of the practical part of the lab, the assessment of learning provides for an oral test to verify the student's acquisition of the theoretical concepts and the practical procedures carried out during laboratory exercises. Knowledge of instrumental techniques used in determining the purity of drugs, qualitative identification and quantitative dosing of active principles in more or less complex systems, drug stability controls, and metabolic research and identification will be required for the student. It will also be verified the student's ability to link the topics covered during lessons as well as solve practical and application issues.The oral examination is expressed in thirties.

Disability and Specific Learning Disorders (SLD)

Students who have registered their disability certification or SLD certification with the Inclusion and Right to Study Office can request to use conceptual maps (for keywords) during exams.

To this end, it is necessary to send the maps, two weeks before the exam date, to the course instructor, who will verify their compliance with the university guidelines and may request modifications.