This course offers an introduction to the study of cinema and audiovisual media. Beginning with the assumption that cinema is an art form but also the product of global media industries, lectures will frame the medium within both of these contexts. The aim is to provide students with the tools for film analysis, and help them orient themselves in the history of cinema.

The course aims to offer a foundation of historical and aesthetic knowledge, identifying and expanding on a series of important moments in the development of film language, from its birth to its maturing as an art form. Its focus will therefore be on specific styles and their cultural, historical and geographic backgrounds, including avant-gardes, realism, art cinema and genres. The course moves broadly chronologically and will examine films, movements and directors from cultures across the continents. Through some instances of textual analysis of the films selected for the curriculum, students will learn to understand critically the role played by films in specific production contexts.

The course will be divided into four macro themes, each of which corresponds to four historical phases. In each one, the course considers the international styles and production contexts of that time, and studies up close the case study of a film that illustrates these. Specifically, we will address the following questions:

1. The development of film language (1910s-20s)

• The birth of cinema and technological advances
• The experiments of the European avant-garde movements
• The invention of narrative style

2. Cinematic cultures and industries (1930s-50s)

• Hollywood’s dream factory
• Aesthetics of realism
• The mixing of genres in Bollywood

3. Art cinema and the importance of the artist (1950s-70s)

• The director as auteur: the example of Akira Kurosawa
• New generations of filmmakers and the artistic rebellions of the new waves
• The impact of new cinemas on the industry

4. The decline of modern cinema and contemporary forms (1980s-20s)

• The slippery notion of the independent filmmaker and the competition of blockbusters
• Digital streaming, redefining the rules

1. Knowledge and understanding: students will obtain a foundation of critical historical and theoretical knowledge regarding the role played by cinema in society, and its politics.

1.1. Students will gain this understanding through lesson participation and through discussion of the course's themes, as well as through film analysis guided by the lecturer.

2. Applying knowledge and understanding: the knowledge obtained during this course will be applied to film analysis, enabling students to identify and recognize the main historical trends and the effects of directors' stylistic choices. 

2.1. Students will gain this ability in classes, in the guided analysis of films, and through discussions in small groups.

3. Making judgements: students will learn to express informed, autonomous judgments on the politics of audiovisual culture, and on the socio-historical processes that have influenced the production of some of the most important films of world cinema.

3.1. Students will gain the ability to make critical judgments through participation in discussions in class and debates with the lecturer and with their colleagues, as well as through personal study surrounding the lessons. 

4. Communication: students will learn to express themselves in Italian (and/or English) on the course's themes, moreover applying the appropriate specialist vocabulary of film studies.

4.1. They will develop this ability through class discussions and exchanges with colleagues, as well as the lecturer, in addition to small, informal presentations in class.

5. Lifelong learning skills: students will learn to engage and interact with the history of cinema and to analyse cinematographic texts, connecting these elements in autonomous reflections on the politics of this medium.

5.1. These abilities will be enabled through the use of various learning tools, allowing students, at the end of the course, to nagivate autonomously in the history of cinema. In addition, discussion and debate with classmates and the lecturer will play a key role, as well as class exercises and personal study.

The teaching material prepared by the lecturer in addition to recommended textbooks (such as for instance slides, lecture notes, exercises, bibliography) and communications from the lecturer specific to the course can be found inside the Moodle platform › blended.uniurb.it

As well as lectures and discussions (in class or online), films and clips will be screened during lessons

The materials used in class will be made available for students online, on the University's blended learning platform. 

Teaching

Lectures on history, theory and concepts of audiovisual media studies, projections, seminars and group discussions on the course's content and the films/clips.

Attendance

Students must attend at least 75% of classes.

Course books

1. The content of the lessons (slides will be made available online) 

2. David Bordwell e Kristin Thompson, Storia del cinema: un'introduzione (edizione italiana a cura di Elena Mosconi e David Bruni), Milano: McGraw-Hill Education, 2018 (limitatamente ai capitoli 1-8; 10-12; 14.1, 14.4 e 14.10; 15.1-15.3; 16; 18.1-2 e 18.5; 19-20 e 23*).

English version: Film History: an Introduction, 4th edition, New York: McGraw-Hill Education, 2018. N.b. if you are using the English version of the textbook, please write to me ASAP, specifying which edition you are using, for confirmation of the chapters to study.

3. Elena Aime, Storia del cinema indiano, Torino: Lindau, 2005 (only chapter 3, “Il tramonto degli studio nell’India indipendente”).

4. Ramon Lobato, Netflix Nations: Geografia della distribuzione digitale, Roma: Minimum Fax, 2020 (only chapter 4 “La creazione di mercati globali”). Versione inglese: Netflix Nations, New York: New York University Press, 2019, chapter 4 “Making Global Markets”).

*N.b. chapter 23 in the fifth version of the (Italian) edition is not a chapter but the appendix of the fourth version, it is entitled “Linguaggio del film”.

Students must also watch the following films (N.b. the final list will be confirmed at the beginning of the course):

• The Cabinet of Dr Caligari / Das Cabinet des Dr. Caligari (Robert Wiene, 1920)
• The Gold Rush (Charlie Chaplin, 1925)
• Stagecoach (John Ford, 1939)
• Ladri di biciclette (Vittorio De Sica, 1948)
• Shree 420 (Raj Kapoor, 1955)
• Rashōmon / 羅生門 (Akira Kurosawa, 1950)
• Cléo de 5 à 7 (Agnès Varda, 1962)
• The Graduate (Mike Nichols, 1967)
• Do the Right Thing (Spike Lee, 1989)
• Roma (Alfonso Cuarón, 2018)

The following films are recommended viewing:

• Nosferatu / Nosferatu, eine Symphonie des Grauens (Friedrich Wilhelm, 1922)
• Battleship Potëmkin / Бронено́сец «Потёмкин» (Sergej Ėjzenštejn, 1925)
• Strike! / Стачка (Sergej M. Ėjzenštejn, 1925)
• Un chien andalou (Salvador Dalì e Luis Buñuel, 1929) e L’Age d’or (Luis Buñuel, 1930)
• La Coquille et le Clergyman (Germaine Dulac, 1928)
• The Passion of Joan of Arc / La passion de Jeanne d'Arc (C. T. Dreyer, 1928)
• The General (Buster Keaton, Clyde Bruckman, 1926)
• Modern Times (Charlie Chaplin, 1936)
• Casablanca (Michael Curtiz, 1942)
• Just Pals John Ford, 1920)
• How the West Was Won (John Ford, 1962)
• Rome, Open City / Roma città aperta (Roberto Rossellini, 1945)
• Umberto D. (Vittorio De Sica, 1952)
• Pather Pachali (Satyajit Ray, 1955)
• Awaara / Il vagabondo (Raj Kapoor, 1951)
• Ikiru / 生きる (Akira Kurosawa, 1952)
• Tokyo Story / 東京物語 (Yasujiro Ozu, 1953)
• Breathless / À bout de souffle (Jean-Luc Godard, 1960)
• Jules et Jim (François Truffaut, 1962)
• Bonnie and Clyde (Arthur Penn, 1967)
• Easy Rider (Dennis Hopper, 1969)
• Jaws (Steven Spielberg, 1975)
• Star Wars (George Lucas, 1977)
• The Ballad of Buster Scruggs (Joel e Ethan Coen, 2018)
• Bird Box (Susanne Bier, 2018)
• Ludo (Anurag Basu, 2020)

Assessment

Assessment for the course will consist in an individual oral exam. Students must demonstrate a fundamental understanding of the course's content through the study of texts and the analysis of audiovisual material. Class attendance is an integral part of the evaluation. The exam aims to assess both learning of the course content on behalf of the students and also their ability to express themselves, make argument and apply what they have learned.

Grading:

Excellent grades will be given in presence of: a good critical perspective and in depth knowledge; the ability to link the main subjects addressed during the course; the expert use of appropriate language and terminology.

Good grades will be given in presence of: good mnemonic knowledge of the course content; a relatively good critical perspective and the ability to connect its themes; the use of an appropriate language.

Sufficient grades will be given in presence of: minimal knowledge of the course's themes and the presence of some gaps in understanding; the use of an inappropriate language.

Low grades will be given in presence of: difficulty in understanding the course's topics; notable gaps in knowledge; the use of a clearly inappropriate language.

Disability and Specific Learning Disorders (SLD)

Students who have registered their disability certification or SLD certification with the Inclusion and Right to Study Office can request to use conceptual maps (for keywords) during exams.

To this end, it is necessary to send the maps, two weeks before the exam date, to the course instructor, who will verify their compliance with the university guidelines and may request modifications.

Teaching

Blended learning, studying the compulsory texts and films of the course.

Course books

Non attending students must prepare:

• David Bordwell e Kristin Thompson, Storia del cinema: un'introduzione (edizione italiana a cura di Elena Mosconi e David Bruni), Milano: McGraw-Hill Education, 2018 (limitatamente ai capitoli 1-8; 10-12; 14.1, 14.4 e 14.10; 15.1-15.3; 16; 18.1-2 e 18.5; 19-20 e 23*). English version: Film History: an Introduction, 4th edition, New York: McGraw-Hill Education, 2018. N.b. if you are using the English version of the textbook, please write to me ASAP, specifying which edition you are using, for confirmation of the chapters to study.

Students must also prepare ONE of the following volumes: 

• Elena Aime, Storia del cinema indiano, Torino: Lindau, 2005.
• Ramon Lobato, Netflix Nations: Geografia della distribuzione digitale, Roma: Minimum Fax, 2020. (English version: Netflix Nations, New York: New York University Press, 2019)
• Peter Decherney, Hollywood, Bologna: Il Mulino, 2017 (English version: Hollywood Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016).

*N.b. chapter 23 in the fifth version of the (Italian) edition is not a chapter but the appendix of the fourth version, it is entitled “Linguaggio del film”.

Students must also watch the following films (N.b. the final list will be confirmed at the beginning of the course):

• The Cabinet of Dr Caligari / Das Cabinet des Dr. Caligari (Robert Wiene, 1920)
• The Gold Rush (Charlie Chaplin, 1925)
• Stagecoach (John Ford, 1939)
• Ladri di biciclette (Vittorio De Sica, 1948)
• Shree 420 (Raj Kapoor, 1955)
• Rashōmon / 羅生門 (Akira Kurosawa, 1950)
• Cléo de 5 à 7 (Agnès Varda, 1962)
• The Graduate (Mike Nichols, 1967)
• Do the Right Thing (Spike Lee, 1989)
• Roma (Alfonso Cuarón, 2018)

The following films are recommended viewing:

• Nosferatu / Nosferatu, eine Symphonie des Grauens (Friedrich Wilhelm, 1922)
• Battleship Potëmkin / Бронено́сец «Потёмкин» (Sergej Ėjzenštejn, 1925)
• Strike! / Стачка (Sergej M. Ėjzenštejn, 1925)
• Un chien andalou (Salvador Dalì e Luis Buñuel, 1929) e L’Age d’or (Luis Buñuel, 1930)
• La Coquille et le Clergyman (Germaine Dulac, 1928)
• The Passion of Joan of Arc / La passion de Jeanne d'Arc (C. T. Dreyer, 1928)
• The General (Buster Keaton, Clyde Bruckman, 1926)
• Modern Times (Charlie Chaplin, 1936)
• Casablanca (Michael Curtiz, 1942)
• Just Pals John Ford, 1920)
• How the West Was Won (John Ford, 1962)
• Rome, Open City / Roma città aperta (Roberto Rossellini, 1945)
• Umberto D. (Vittorio De Sica, 1952)
• Pather Pachali (Satyajit Ray, 1955)
• Awaara / Il vagabondo (Raj Kapoor, 1951)
• Ikiru / 生きる (Akira Kurosawa, 1952)
• Tokyo Story / 東京物語 (Yasujiro Ozu, 1953)
• Breathless / À bout de souffle (Jean-Luc Godard, 1960)
• Jules et Jim (François Truffaut, 1962)
• Bonnie and Clyde (Arthur Penn, 1967)
• Easy Rider (Dennis Hopper, 1969)
• Jaws (Steven Spielberg, 1975)
• Star Wars (George Lucas, 1977)
• The Ballad of Buster Scruggs (Joel e Ethan Coen, 2018)
• Bird Box (Susanne Bier, 2018)
• Ludo (Anurag Basu, 2020)

Assessment

Assessment for the course will consist in an individual oral exam. Students must demonstrate a fundamental understanding of the course's content through the study of texts and the analysis of audiovisual material. Class attendance is an integral part of the evaluation. The exam aims to assess both learning of the course content on behalf of the students and also their ability to express themselves, make argument and apply what they have learned.

Grading:

Excellent grades will be given in presence of: a good critical perspective and in depth knowledge; the ability to link the main subjects addressed during the course; the expert use of appropriate language and terminology.

Good grades will be given in presence of: good mnemonic knowledge of the course content; a relatively good critical perspective and the ability to connect its themes; the use of an appropriate language.

Sufficient grades will be given in presence of: minimal knowledge of the course's themes and the presence of some gaps in understanding; the use of an inappropriate language.

Low grades will be given in presence of: difficulty in understanding the course's topics; notable gaps in knowledge; the use of a clearly inappropriate language.

Disability and Specific Learning Disorders (SLD)

Students who have registered their disability certification or SLD certification with the Inclusion and Right to Study Office can request to use conceptual maps (for keywords) during exams.

To this end, it is necessary to send the maps, two weeks before the exam date, to the course instructor, who will verify their compliance with the university guidelines and may request modifications.