The aim of the course is to provide the student with the basic knowledge of plant biology, in particular the organization of the plant cell and the differences with the animal one, of the tissues and organs of higher plants, also to provide the knowledge for the botanical recognition of main plants of pharmaceutical interest and their content in active ingredients. At the end of the course the student must be able to apply the knowledge acquired in the management of preparations containing active ingredients derived from plants in the context of his profession as a Pharmacist

1-Cytology - Prokaryotic cell and eukaryotic cell, Cyanobacteria (Prokaryotes), pharmaceutical importance of cyanobacteria.

2-Red algae; brown algae, pharmaceutical importance.

3-Fungi: general structure, pharmaceutical importance of Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes, Deuteromycetes. Claviceps purpurea. Lichens, general structure, pharmaceutical importance of Cetraria islandica.

4-Common characteristics of plant and animal cells: cell membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex, mitochondria, lysosomes, peroxisomes, nucleus. The plant cell and its structures: Plastids, Vacuole- Components of pharmaceutical importance of the vacuolar juice, Cell wall and its modifications- Components of pharmaceutical importance of the cell wall. 5-The main groups of land plants and their pharmaceutical importance.

6-Histology, meristematic tissues, adult tissues: parenchymatic, integumental, mechanical, conductor, secretory.

7-Anatomy: Structure of the stem, Anatomy of the primary structure zone of Gymnosperms, Anatomy of the primary structure zone of Dicotyledons, Anatomy of Monocotyledons. Secondary body of the tailpiece.

8-The leaf: organography and anatomy.

9-The root: morphology and anatomy. Flower, inflorescences, fruit.

10-Plants of pharmaceutical interest included in the programme: Plants with cardioactive glycosides: Digitalis purpurea L.; Digitalis lanata Ehrh; Urginea maritima L. Anthraquinone plants: Rhamnus purshiana DC.; Rhamnus frangula L.;Rheum palmatum L; Aloe ssp. Mucilage plants: Althaea officinalis L.; Malva sylvestris L.; Mucillagini delle alghe. Tannin plants: Hamamelis virginiana L..Cannabinoid plans: Cannabis sativa L.. Alcaloids plants:Taxus baccata L.; Ephedra ssp; Papaver somniferum L.; Erytroxylon coca L.; Atropa belladonna L.; Datura stramonium L.; Hyoscyamus niger L,.Essential oils plants; Cinnamomum zeylanicum Nees; I.; Camomilla recutita L.; Anthemis nobilis L..Mentha x piperita L.Pimpinella anisum L.

No prerequisites required

Knowledge and understanding

At the end of the course the student will have to know the characteristics of a plant cell, the structural and functional characteristics of the different groups of terrestrial plants, identify and describe the main plants of pharmaceutical interest and the drugs obtained from them and know the main groups of secondary metabolites of plants of pharmaceutical interest.

Applyng knowledge and understandyng

At the end of the course the student will have to be able to know the organization of the plant cell, of the tissues and of the plant organs, to classify the plant drugs according to the active ingredients they contain and their therapeutic activity, to apply the knowledge for a correct use of herbal drugs in the field of health products.

Makind judgements

At the end of the course the student will have to demonstrate that he is able to decide independently on the use of herbal drugs and/or active ingredients of plant origin more suitable for the different needs in the workplace.

Communication skills

At the end of the course the student will have to demonstrate that he is able to communicate clearly and with the appropriate terms from a scientific point of view in the field of plant biology, pharmaceutical botany and products containing molecules synthesized by plants and their use in the field of health .

Learning skills

At the end of the course the student will have to demonstrate that he is able to deal with the specific scientific means available today, and to use them to learn the new scientific trends in the field of plants of pharmaceutical interest and the drugs deriving from them.

The teaching material prepared by the lecturer in addition to recommended textbooks (such as for instance slides, lecture notes, exercises, bibliography) and communications from the lecturer specific to the course can be found inside the Moodle platform › blended.uniurb.it

No supporting activities

Teaching

Front lessons (Italian) with PC and video-projector (Power Point).

Attendance

No special obligations

Course books

Claudio Longo, Giovanna Marziani, Biologia delle piante, UTET (consultation)

Pasqua- Botanica generale e biodiversità vegetale- PICCIN (consultation)

E. Maugini, L. Maleci Bini, M. mariotti Lippi - Manuale di Botanica Farmaceutica - Piccin (reference text)

Assessment

The expected learning outcomes will be assessed through an oral test with up to 10 students enrolled in the session, or through a written test with a greater number of 10 students enrolled in the session. Both the oral test and the written test include three open questions. In the written test, the time available to answer the proposed questions is 2 hours. For both tests the evaluation criteria are: the level of mastery of knowledge, the degree of articulation of the answers, the degree of adequacy of the explanation and the adequacy of the disciplinary language used. Each of the criteria is evaluated on the basis of a four-level scale of values/judgments, the 4 criteria have the same importance for the final evaluation. The grade for the two tests is expressed in thirtieths. In the case of a written test, if passed (18/30), the student will be able, upon request, to access an oral test for supplementary purposes; if the oral test is not requested, the final grade will be that of the written test.

Two intermediate tests are scheduled in accordance with the academic calendar. Each intermediate test will be written, lasting two hours, with three open questions which will concern: the first intermediate test the first half of the program and the second intermediate test the second half of the program. Evaluation criteria as above. The final grade will be the average of the two grades of each intermediate test. If one of the two intermediate tests is not passed, the one passed will still remain valid and the student will have to take the part of the program of the intermediate test not passed in an appeal during the academic year. The final grade will be the average of the intermediate test passed and the test taken at the exam.

Disability and Specific Learning Disorders (SLD)

Students who have registered their disability certification or SLD certification with the Inclusion and Right to Study Office can request to use conceptual maps (for keywords) during exams.

To this end, it is necessary to send the maps, two weeks before the exam date, to the course instructor, who will verify their compliance with the university guidelines and may request modifications.

Teaching

The teaching material prepared by the lecturer in addition to recommended textbooks (such as for instance slides, lecture notes, exercises, bibliography) and communications from the lecturer specific to the course can be found inside the Moodle platform › blended.uniurb.it

Attendance

No special obligation

Course books

Claudio Longo, Giovanna Marziani, Biologia delle piante, UTET (Consultation)

Pasqua- Botanica generale e biodiversità vegetale- PICCIN (consultation)

E. Maugini, L. Maleci Bini, M. mariotti Lippi - Manuale di Botanica Farmaceutica - Piccin (reference text)

Assessment

As for attending students 

Disability and Specific Learning Disorders (SLD)

Students who have registered their disability certification or SLD certification with the Inclusion and Right to Study Office can request to use conceptual maps (for keywords) during exams.

To this end, it is necessary to send the maps, two weeks before the exam date, to the course instructor, who will verify their compliance with the university guidelines and may request modifications.