The course is designed to provide basic knowledge of the organization of the human organism with special emphasis on the composition, structure and function of the various organs and apparatuses, with emphasis on the gastroenteric system, Pancreas and Liver and functional references to the mechanisms of digestion. The course will cover the relevant histological topics in such a way as to allow the student an organic learning of the subject.  This course would also like to provide the student, hints of the scientific method that led to the understanding of the structures and mechanisms described.

1) Histology: lining epithelia (classification, epidermis and corneal cytomprphosis) and glandular epithelia (classification criteria and secretion mode), connective tissues proper and supporting connective tissue  (cartilage and bone), blood, muscle tissue (striated skeleton and cardian muscle, smooth muscle),  immune system and lymphoid organs, nervous tissue (neuron and glia classification, synapse and saltatory conduction)

2) Anatomy: Circulatory system: heart structure, major blood vessels and their major branches in the systemic and pulmonary circulation. Portal circulation. Lymphatic circulation and its involvement in the enteric function.  Respiratory system: structure of the bronchial tree and lungs. Digestive system: detailed structural organisation of the different stations as well as the liver-pancreatic organ.   the kidney: nephron and iuhtaglomerula apparatus. 6) endocrine system: hypophysis,epiphysis, thyroid, parathyroid and suprarenal glands. Cortex, neural centers and their pathways

D1- KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING

The student should show mastery of knowledge related to: tissue organization and anatomical basics necessary for a proper understanding of the functioning of the human organism with special emphasis on phenomena related to nutrition and growth of the organism.

D2-APPLYING KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING

The student should show that he/she has acquired skills, tools and conscious autonomy of judgment in relation to the analysis of tissues and demonstrate understanding of the basis of functioning of organs and apparatuses by identifying their main task in maintaining organismic homeostasis.

D3-MAKING JUDGEMENTS

The student should show possession of the ability to use the knowledge acquired by demonstrating reasoning according to the specific logic of the discipline. He/she should be able to extract and synthesize relevant information related to the organ under study and, ultimately, to identify functional correlations between multiple organs.

D4-COMMUNICATION

The student will have to demonstrate the ability to relate, in a precise and comprehensive manner, his or her knowledge to people already knowledgeable in the subject, as well as to demonstrate synthesis skills and the ability to communicate in such a way as to make the topics of the subject accessible to a wider audience by adopting appropriate and precise terminology.

D5-LIFELONG LEARNING SKILLS

The student will be expected to demonstrate the ability to discuss the program topics with examples or parallels independently, based on what he or she has learned from lectures and what he or she has learned using supplementary or independently sourced sources.

The teaching material prepared by the lecturer in addition to recommended textbooks (such as for instance slides, lecture notes, exercises, bibliography) and communications from the lecturer specific to the course can be found inside the Moodle platform › blended.uniurb.it

A short tutorial (not mandatory), based on interactive links of histological and anatomical atlases and/or a brief illlustration and discussion of a recent publication (inherent to the Course and the Specific Study Pathway) is planned

In addition, as described in the "modes of assessment" session, tests (with multiple-choice answers) may be given during the course of lectures to verify learning in progress, reserved for attending students and usable for the purposes of the exam.

Teaching

Lectures and online teaching materials (Moodle). In addition, there is a guided exercise regarding the use of interactive links of histological and anatomical atlases.

Innovative teaching methods

Activities related to the specific modalities "Debate" and/or  "Problem Based Learning"

Attendance

There is no mandatory attendance but it is strongly recommended for proper and effective learning of the subject matter

It is strongly recommended to take the Cell Biology exam first since the knowledge acquired is a prerequisite for learning the knowledge related to the teaching of Human Anatomy to the fullest.

Course books

Recommended study texts (the chapters to be studied are those corresponding to the Program indicated in the Course Description):

For Anatomy: HUMAN ANATOMY. FUNDAMENTALS. Barbatelli et al. Edi. Ermes, Milan

To deepen the part of Histology / Microscopic Anatomy: Cytology and Histology, Dini L. et al, Idelson-Gnocchi (optional)

The slides provided are considered important for the study.  

Additional material in English will be provided (scientific publications, links for online tutorials)

Assessment

The final examination consists of an oral interview (of approximately 25-30 minutes) on the various topics covered in the course, to ascertain what level of knowledge the student has achieved relative to the previously stated educational objectives. The answers are judged on subject knowledge, expository ability and language used as correct and appropriate scientific terminology, and serve to assess the student's ability to reason and synthesize. Multiple-choiceTests  during the Course (as intermediate test) will also be used for examination purposes.

In detail, oral examination, consisting of three or more questions starting from macro-topics and gradually delving into the details of the subject. The evaluation criteria and scores of the oral examination are determined on a scale of thirty according to the following scale:
• Less than 18: insufficient level of competence. The candidate does not achieve any of the expected learning outcomes in the "knowledge and understanding" section;
• 18-20: sufficient level of competence. The candidate achieves the expected learning outcomes in the "knowledge and understanding" section;
• 21-23: fully sufficient level of competence. The candidate achieves the expected learning outcomes in the "knowledge and understanding" and "applied knowledge and understanding" sections;
• 24-26: good level of competence. The candidate achieves the expected learning outcomes in the "knowledge and understanding," "applied knowledge and understanding," and "judgment autonomy" sections;
• 27-29: very good level of competence. The candidate achieves the expected learning outcomes in the "knowledge and understanding," "applied knowledge and understanding," "judgment autonomy," and "communicative skills" sections;
• 30-30 with honors: excellent level of competence. The candidate fully achieves the expected learning outcomes in the "knowledge and understanding," "applied knowledge and understanding," "judgment autonomy," "communicative skills," and "learning ability" sections.

-The final grade will result from the average of the marks obtained in the two modules (Cell Biology and Human Anatomy) for the total of 12 CFU.

Disability and Specific Learning Disorders (SLD)

Students who have registered their disability certification or SLD certification with the Inclusion and Right to Study Office can request to use conceptual maps (for keywords) during exams.

To this end, it is necessary to send the maps, two weeks before the exam date, to the course instructor, who will verify their compliance with the university guidelines and may request modifications.

Teaching

It will be important to access the online teaching material (Moodle). In addition, there will be a short exercise on the use of interactive links of histological and anatomical atlases, guided by the teacher and recommended.

Additional material will be provided in English (scientific publications, links for online exercises). Clarifications and / in-depth analysis (recovery activities, to be carried out also online), can be agreed with the teacher.

Attendance

It is strongly recommended to use the material and study indications prepared in the blended learning platform, in addition to the textbook.

It is strongly recommended to take the Cell Biology exam first since the knowledge acquired is a prerequisite for learning the knowledge related to the teaching of Human Anatomy to the fullest.

Course books

In order to provide the opportunity for non-attending students to compensate by self-study what is done during the lectures, the following materials referring to the same contents of the program are indicated for the purpose of promoting their full understanding

Recommended study texts (the chapters to be studied are those corresponding to the Program indicated in the Course Description):

for Anatomy: HUMAN ANATOMY. FUNDAMENTALS. Barbatelli et al. Edi. Ermes, Milan

to deepen the part of Histology / Microscopic Anatomy: Cytology and Histology, Dini L. et al, Idelson-Gnocchi (optional)

The slides provided are considered important for the study.  

Additional material in English will be provided (scientific publications, links for online tutorials)

Assessment

The final examination consists of an oral interview (of approximately 25-30 minutes) on the various topics covered in the course, to ascertain what level of knowledge the student has achieved relative to the previously stated educational objectives. The answers are judged on subject knowledge, expository ability and language used as correct and appropriate scientific terminology, and serve to evaluate the student's ability to reason and synthesize. 

In detail, oral examination, consisting of three or more questions starting from macro-topics and gradually delving into the details of the subject. The evaluation criteria and scores of the oral examination are determined on a scale of thirty according to the following scale:
• Less than 18: insufficient level of competence. The candidate does not achieve any of the expected learning outcomes in the "knowledge and understanding" section;
• 18-20: sufficient level of competence. The candidate achieves the expected learning outcomes in the "knowledge and understanding" section;
• 21-23: fully sufficient level of competence. The candidate achieves the expected learning outcomes in the "knowledge and understanding" and "applied knowledge and understanding" sections;
• 24-26: good level of competence. The candidate achieves the expected learning outcomes in the "knowledge and understanding," "applied knowledge and understanding," and "judgment autonomy" sections;
• 27-29: very good level of competence. The candidate achieves the expected learning outcomes in the "knowledge and understanding," "applied knowledge and understanding," "judgment autonomy," and "communicative skills" sections;
• 30-30 with honors: excellent level of competence. The candidate fully achieves the expected learning outcomes in the "knowledge and understanding," "applied knowledge and understanding," "judgment autonomy," "communicative skills," and "learning ability" sections.

-The final grade will result from the average of the marks obtained in the two modules (Cell Biology and Human Anatomy) for the total of 12 CFU.

Disability and Specific Learning Disorders (SLD)

Students who have registered their disability certification or SLD certification with the Inclusion and Right to Study Office can request to use conceptual maps (for keywords) during exams.

To this end, it is necessary to send the maps, two weeks before the exam date, to the course instructor, who will verify their compliance with the university guidelines and may request modifications.